Abstract: Compounds of Formula I and Formula II, as described herein, are useful for treating excessive osteolysis, by inhibiting M-CSF mediated osteoclast development. The compounds also are useful for inhibiting phosphorylation of CSF1R, and for treating cancers that express CSF1R.

Abstract: The present invention describes novel methods that measure in a mammal the level of at least one biomarker, such as a protein and/or mRNA transcript. Based on the level of at least one biomarker in a mammal exposed to a test compound, compared to the level of the biomarker(s) in a mammal that has not been exposed to a test compound, the ability of the test compound to inhibit tyrosine kinase activity can be determined. The invention also relates to novel methods, wherein a change in the level of at least one biomarker in a mammal exposed to a compound, compared to the level of the biomarker(s) in a mammal that has not been exposed to the compound, indicates whether the mammal is being exposed to, or is experiencing or will experience a therapeutic or toxic effect in response to, a compound that inhibit tyrosine kinase activity.

Abstract: A method of treating acute myeloid leukemia in patient positive for FLT-3-ITD is described. The treatment is accomplished by administration of a compound of Formula I or II as defined herein.