Abstract: A method of depositing a substantially hydrogen free or controlled hydrogen content multi-element alloy film on a substrate. The method utilizes a microwave excited plasma of a hydrogen free precursor gas to deposit a hard, adherent coating. The method comprises providing a substrate to be coated in a vacuum deposition chamber, with a source of microwave energy coupled to the vacuum deposition chamber. A substantially hydrogen free reaction gas precursor composition is introduced into the reaction chamber at a pressure corresponding substantially to a pressure minimum of the modified Paschen curve for the reaction gas precursor composition. Activation of the source of microwave energy excites the reaction gas precursor composition, in this way forming a plasma in the vacuum deposition chamber to deposit a substantially hydrogen free or controlled hydrogen content multi-element alloy film on the substrate.

Abstract: There are disclosed a method and apparatus for depositing a layer of material onto the outer surfaces of a plurality of cylindrical members. The cylindrical members are arranged to form a substantially closed loop with the longitudinal axes thereof disposed substantially parallel and the outer surfaces of adjacent members being closely spaced apart to form an inner chamber which is substantially closed. Adjacent cylindrical members form narrow passages which communicate with the inner chamber. At least one reaction gas is introduced into the inner chamber through at least one of the narrow passages and a plasma is formed from the at least one reaction gas within the inner chamber to deposit the layer of material onto the outer surfaces of the cylindrical members. The plasma can be formed by using either microwave energy or radio frequency energy. More particularly disclosed is a method and apparatus for making electrophotographic drums.

Abstract: A process for making photoconductive semiconductor alloys and members with high reaction gas conversion efficiencies and at high deposition rates utilizes microwave energy to form a deposition plasma. The high deposition rates and high gas conversion efficiencies allow photoconductive members to be formed of amorphous semiconductor alloys at commercially viable rates.The process includes coupling microwave energy into a substantially enclosed reaction vessel containing a substrate and depositing amorphous photoconductive alloys onto the substrate from a reaction gas introduced into the vessel. The photoconductive member includes a bottom blocking layer, a photoconductive layer and a top blocking layer. The photoconductive member can be formed in a negative or positive charge type configuration. The members can include a top blocking enhancement layer and/or an improved infrared photoresponsive layer.

Abstract: A process and system for making semiconductor alloys and members with high reaction gas conversion efficiencies and at high deposition rates utilizes microwave energy to form a deposition plasma. The microwave energy forms depositing species and molecular ions of a semiconductor element and the potential of the plasma is controlled to alter the ion bombardment of the depositing species.The process and system include coupling microwave energy into a substantially enclosed reaction vessel containing a substrate and depositing semiconductor alloys onto the substrate from a reaction gas introduced into the vessel. The semiconductor alloys are particularly suited for relatively thick photoconductive members. The photoconductive member includes at least a bottom blocking layer and a photoconductive layer. The photoconductive member can be formed in a negative or positive charge type configuration. The members also can include a top blocking enhancement layer.