Abstract: Polyaminoacid builders or co-builders having the general formula: ##STR1## that are useful in the formulations of detergents are disclosed. Preferred detergent formulations contain from 5 to 50 percent by weight of the polyaminoacid builder, preferably polyaspartic aicd or polyglutamic acid, together with surface-active agents, aluminosilicates and other detergent additives.

Abstract: A cobalt based catalyst, and the method for preparing it, are disclosed. The catalyst is obtained from the reaction between NaCo(CO).sub.4 and s-trichloro triazine and is advantageously used in the processes of carbonylation of naphthalene mono- and disulfonates in order to yield naphthalene esters and acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of polyaminoacids as builders or co-builders in the formulation of detergents. These polyaminoacids, which are highly efficient as complexing agents, have good resistance to heat and stability to pH and are entirely biodegradable, have been chosen among those having the general formula: ##STR1## with substituents which are defined in the following description. The formulations of detergents contain, apart from the above builders, surface active agents, alumina-silicates and additives chosen from neutral salts, enzymes, bleaching agents, stabilizers, anti-foaming agents, perfumes, bactericides.

Abstract: Process for extracting lactic acid from aqueous acidic media is disclosed which process includes treatment with a complexing macrocyclic octol and organic solvent immiscible with water, separating the organic phase containing the lactic acid-macrocyclic octol complex thereby formed, which releases the lactic acid by treatment with alkaline water or with methanol.

Abstract: Octa-substituted derivatives of the macrocyclic tetramers obtained by condensation of resorcinol with an alkyl aldehyde, wherein the sutstituents are alkanoyl, p-alkylbenzoyl, and p-alkoxybenzoyl chains. These substituted tetramers show stable, tridimensional, columnar type mesophases wherein the crystalline lattice is formed with the central macrocyclic rings stacked one on another according to ordered columns, each ring being surrounded with alkyl chains in the melted state.