Abstract: A solder alloy comprises 38.0-42.0 wt % bismuth (Bi), 0.01-2 wt % of at least one further element chosen from the group of manganese (Mn), antimony (Sb) and copper (Cu), the balance being tin (Sn), and is at least substantially free of nickel (Ni), and further preferably substantially free of silver (Ag). The solder alloy may be combined with a halide-free solder flux to constitute a solder paste, solder bath or solder wire. The solder paste is for instance used for soldering electronic component packages such as quad flat non-leaded (QFN) packages or for soldering surface mount devices (SMD), resulting in low void formation. The solder alloy may also be applied by means of wave-soldering or selective soldering.

Abstract: 1-heterocyclyl-1,5-dihydro-pyrido[3,2-b]indol-2-ones of formula (I): the N-oxides, salts, stereoisomeric forms, racemic mixtures, prodrugs, esters and metabolites thereof, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3; R1 is hydrogen, cyano, halo, substituted carbonyl, methanimidamidyl, N-hydroxy-methanimidamidyl, mono- or di(C1-4alkyl)methanimidamidyl, Het1 or Het2; X is NR2, O, S, SO, SO2; R2 is hydrogen, C1-10alkyl, C2-10alkenyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, which are optionally substituted; R2 is aryl substituted with —COOR4; or R2 is: —CpH2p—CH(OR14)—CqH2q—R15 (b-3); —CH2—CH2—(O—CH2—CH2)m—OR14 (b-4); —CH2—CH2—(O—CH2—CH2)m—NR5aR5b (b-5); -a1=a2-a3=a4- is —CH?CH—CH?CH—; —N?CH—CH?CH—; —CH?N—CH?CH—; —CH?CH—N?CH—; —CH?CH—CH?N—; wherein hydrogen atoms in (c-1)-(c-5) may be replaced by certain radicals; R3 is a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring system that can be substituted.

Abstract: 4-substituted 1,5-dihydro-pyrido[3,2-b]indol-2-ones of formula (I): the N-oxides, salts, stereoisomeric forms, racemic mixtures, prodrugs, esters and metabolites thereof, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3; R1 is hydrogen, cyano, halo, substituted carbonyl, methanimidamidyl, N-hydroxy-methanimidamidyl, mono- or di(C1-4alkyl)methanimidamidyl, Het1 or Het2; X is NR2, O, S, SO, SO2; R2 is hydrogen, C1-10alkyl, C2-10alkenyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, which are optionally substituted; R2 is aryl substituted with —COOR4; or R2 is: —CpH2p—CH(OR14)—CqH2q—R15 (b-3); —CH2—CH2—(O—CH2—CH2)m—OR14 (b-4); —CH2—CH2—(O—CH2—CH2)m—NR5aR5b (b-5); -a1=a2-a3=a4- is —CH?CH—CH?CH—; —N?CH—CH?CH—; —CH?N—CH?CH—; —CH?CH—N?CH—; —CH?CH—CH?N—; wherein hydrogen atoms in (c-1)-(c-5) may be replaced by certain radicals; R3 is optionally substituted phenyl or a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring system that can be substituted; R21 is halo, hydroxy, amino, carboxyl, C1-6alkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, arylC1-6alkyl, formyl, C1-6alkylcarbonyl, C