Abstract: A method for monitoring radiation by an optical sensor which generates a signal, such as a shut-off signal, which influences the radiation when subjected to radiation. A sensor with dark current pulses is used, which are assessed as a functional capability signal of the sensor.

Abstract: A composition for the immediate stopping of a free-radical polymerization comprises a) an inhibitor for the free-radical polymerization selected from among phenothiazines, b) an aprotic solvent and c) an ionic liquid. It serves to stabilize free-radically polymerizable monomers against free-radical polymerization. For the immediate stopping of free-radical polymerizations, the composition is added to a free-radically polymerizing system.

Abstract: A composition for the immediate stopping of a free-radical polymerization comprises a) an inhibitor for the free-radical polymerization selected from among phenothiazines, b) an aprotic solvent and c) an ionic liquid. It serves to stabilize free-radically polymerizable monomers against free-radical polymerization. For the immediate stopping of free-radical polymerizations, the composition is added to a free-radically polymerizing system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid composition comprising A) an organic active ingredient which is sparingly water-soluble and sparingly oil-soluble, in dissolved form, B) an oil which is soluble in water at 20° C. to at most 20 g/l, and C) an ionic liquid comprising a cation and an anion as described below. Also provided is a process for the preparation of the liquid composition, where the active ingredient, the oil and the ionic liquid are brought into contact; and also the use of the ionic liquid for increasing the solubility of the active ingredient in an oil.

Abstract: A method for monitoring radiation by an optical sensor which generates a signal, such as a shut-off signal, which influences the radiation when subjected to radiation. A sensor with dark current pulses is used, which are assessed as a functional capability signal of the sensor.

Abstract: Herbicidal compositions with clomazone are provided in which clomazone has reduced volatility.

Abstract: In a process for purifying graphene nanoribbons, a composition comprising graphene nanoribbons GNR1 and at least one contaminant is brought into contact with a liquid medium that includes a dispersant. The graphene nanoribbons GNR1 are dispersed in the liquid medium so as to obtain a liquid dispersion of the graphene nanoribbons GNR1. The liquid dispersion of the graphene nanoribbons GNR1 is subjected to a separation treatment so as to at least partly remove the at least one contaminant, thereby obtaining a liquid dispersion of purified graphene nanoribbons GNR1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline complexes of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and selected pesticides. It also relates to agriculturally useful compositions of the complexes.

Abstract: Co-crystals comprising a) a herbicide compound A, which is 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), and b) a co-crystal former B, which is selected from the group of aromatic, N-containing heterocycles; and their use in agrochemical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid composition comprising A) an organic active ingredient which is sparingly water-soluble and sparingly oil-soluble, in dissolved form, B) an oil which is soluble in water at 20° C. to at most 20 g/l, and C) an ionic liquid comprising a cation and an anion as described below. Also provided is a process for the preparation of the liquid composition, where the active ingredient, the oil and the ionic liquid are brought into contact; and also the use of the ionic liquid for increasing the solubility of the active ingredient in an oil.

Abstract: A laser beam welding head for the welding of metal parts and method of use include at least one beam path for a welding beam and means for the optical acquisition of the position of the welding seam at a first measuring position, wherein the means for the optical acquisition of the position of the welding seam allow arrangement of the first measuring position in the welding direction running ahead of the welding position of the welding beam, and, at least as a function of a lateral deviation of the welding seam from a reference position, generate a correction signal for the correction of the welding position of the welding beam, as well as a corresponding use of the laser beam welding head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline complexes of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and selected pesticides. It also relates to agriculturally useful compositions of the complexes.

Abstract: A laser beam welding head for the welding of metal parts and method of use include at least one beam path for a welding beam and means for the optical acquisition of the position of the welding seam at a first measuring position, wherein the means for the optical acquisition of the position of the welding seam allow arrangement of the first measuring position in the welding direction running ahead of the welding position of the welding beam, and, at least as a function of a lateral deviation of the welding seam from a reference position, generate a correction signal for the correction of the welding position of the welding beam, as well as a corresponding use of the laser beam welding head.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of aldehydes by the isomerising hydroformylation in a homogenous phase of olefin compositions by means of a synthesis gas, in the presence of a homogeneous rhodium catalyst that is complexed with an organophosphorus ligand containing oxygen atoms and/or nitrogen atoms and a free ligand. The production is carried out at high temperature and high pressure in a multi-stage reaction system consisting of at least two reaction zones. According to the method, the olefin composition is first reacted in a first reaction zone or a group of several first reaction zones at a total pressure of between 10 and 40 bar, using a synthesis gas with a CO/H2 molar ratio of between 4:1 and 1:2 until a 40 to 95% conversion of the ?-olefins is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for hydroformylating in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII with mono-phosphorus compounds which are capable of dimerizing via noncovalent bonds as ligands, to such catalysts and to their use.

Abstract: A device for exhaust-gas purification utilizes reduction of nitrogen oxides which are present in the exhaust gas from internal combustion engines by way of gaseous ammonia with an SCR catalytic converter. The functions of the device are monitored with regard to their line paths with connections, valves and sensors by referring to these elements themselves using suitable control circuitry via the evaluation and control unit.

Abstract: A device for exhaust-gas purification utilizes reduction of nitrogen oxides which are present in the exhaust gas from internal combustion engines by way of gaseous ammonia with an SCR catalytic converter. The functions of the device are monitored with regard to their line paths with connections, valves and sensors by referring to these elements themselves using suitable control circuitry via the evaluation and control unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cis-bridged metal complex of the formula (I) where R5 is an electron-withdrawing radical, and catalyst systems based on these complexes for copolymerizing carbon monoxide and olefinically unsaturated compounds.