Abstract: A small light-weight battery operated calibrator device provides a precise sine wave output for use in calibration of test equipment, such as a RF Power Meter or a Spectrum Analyzer. The calibration device includes two power levels, one ?40 dBm and one 0 dBm. The purpose of the two power levels is to obtain a slope and offset for correction of the RF power measuring device being calibrated. Operation indication LED lights are provided to indicate which of the two powers are in use, and if battery power is below acceptable levels. Miniature low power components including a crystal oscillator and a divide by 2 integrated circuit that generates a precise square wave and a low pass filter for converting the square wave into a precise sine wave allows the calibrator to be battery operated and stored as a calibration component.

Abstract: A PIM measurement circuit enables making forward and reverse PIM measurements on any 1 port (reflection) or 2 port (transmission) device with the ability to determine in distance where individual PIM impairments are located as well as their magnitude. The PIM measurement circuit includes two frequency sources that are provided through a combiner for a CW characterization of the PIM circuit. To enable distance determination, an FM measurement is created by using a saw tooth offset sweep generator attached to one of the two frequency sources. With downconversion and processing of signals from the PIM impairments, the FM signal provides a frequency variation that is converted using a Fourier transform or spectrum analysis for separation of frequencies, enabling determination of the distance of the PIM sources as well as their magnitudes.

Abstract: A small light-weight battery operated calibrator device provides a precise sine wave output for use in calibration of test equipment, such as a RF Power Meter or a Spectrum Analyzer. The calibration device includes two power levels, one ?40 dBm and one 0 dBm. The purpose of the two power levels is to obtain a slope and offset for correction of the RF power measuring device being calibrated. Operation indication LED lights are provided to indicate which of the two powers are in use, and if battery power is below acceptable levels. Miniature low power components including a crystal oscillator and a divide by 2 integrated circuit that generates a precise square wave and a low pass filter for converting the square wave into a precise sine wave allows the calibrator to be battery operated and stored as a calibration component.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein: R1 represents H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, C3-8cycloalkyl, or halo; R2 represents H, C1-6alkyl (optionally substituted by R3), phenyl (optionally substituted by CN), or Het; R3 represents OH, CN, Het, —R4—C1-6alkyl, or CONR5R6; R4 represents —CO2—, or —O—; R5 and R6 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl (optionally substituted by OR7) or C3-8cycloalkyl; R7 represents H or C1-6alkyl; Het represents a five or six membered aromatic heterocyclic group containing (i) from one to four nitrogen heteroatom(s) or (ii) one or two nitrogen heteroatom(s) and one oxygen or one sulphur heteroatom or (iii) one or two oxygen or sulphur heteroatom(s), said heterocyclic group being optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from CN and C1-6alkyl; R8 represents C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, C3-8cycloalkyl, or halo; and R9 and R10 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, CN, CF3 or halo; may be useful for treati

Abstract: An output amplifier stage covers a flat frequency range of DC to microwave frequencies with provisions for independent control of input and output DC offset. The output amplifier stage includes a standard AC coupled microwave amplifier for high frequency performance. The AC coupled amplifier is intended for use as an output stage in a pulse pattern generator, although it can be used in any application where broadband frequency operation is needed with control of DC at its input and output. The DC control is provided using circuitry providing a DC bypass path around an AC coupled amplifier. The bypass path is provided between two Bias T circuits, one Bias T before and one Bias T after the AC coupled amplifier. An adjustable DC bias offset is further provided to the AC amplifier input. A feed forward signal is further provided from the input to the output of the AC coupled amplifier to supply a missing DC and low frequency component to the AC coupling of the high frequency amplifier stage.

Abstract: Circuitry is provided to drive a step recovery diode (SRD) (8) in a sampler based vector network analyzer (VNA) that allows harmonic samplers (10, 11) to operate over many octaves. The circuit includes a digital pulse generator (FIG. 5) for providing a LO signal. The LO signal is provided over an octave frequency range as in previous SRD driver circuits, but pulse forming circuitry is provided to decrease the pulse rate to a sub multiple of the LO generating oscillator signal. The pulse forming circuitry includes a programmable frequency divider (50) to vary the pulse rate. The pulse forming network further includes registers (50, 52) connected to the programmable frequency divider (50) to limit the pulse width resulting in reduced heating of the SRDs. With an effectively wider frequency operation range using the SRD (8), only one downconversion is required in the VNA, eliminating the need for additional mixers (30, 31) and a second LO signal generator (24) to provide a second downconversion.

Abstract: A small light-weight battery operated calibrator device provides a precise sine wave output for use in calibration of test equipment, such as a RF Power Meter or a Spectrum Analyzer. The calibration device includes two power levels, one ?40 dBm and one 0 dBm. The purpose of the two power levels is to obtain a slope and offset for correction of the RF power measuring device being calibrated. Operation indication LED lights are provided to indicate which of the two powers are in use, and if battery power is below acceptable levels. Miniature low power components including a crystal oscillator and a divide by 2 integrated circuit that generates a precise square wave and a low pass filter for converting the square wave into a precise sine wave allows the calibrator to be battery operated and stored as a calibration component.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein: R1 represents H, C1-6-alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, C3-8cycloalkyl, or halo; R2 represents H, C1-6alkyl (optionally substituted by R3), phenyl (optionally substituted by CN), or Het; R3 represents OH, CN, Het, —R4—C1-6alkyl, or CONR5R6; R4 represents —CO2—, or —O—; R5 and R6 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl (optionally substituted by OR7) or C3-8cycloalkyl; R7 represents H or C1-6alkyl; Het represents a five or six membered aromatic heterocyclic group containing (i) from one to four nitrogen heteroatom(s) or (ii) one or two nitrogen heteroatom(s) and one oxygen or one sulphur heteroatom or (iii)one or two oxygen or sulphur heteroatom(s), said heterocyclic group being optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from CN and C1-6alkyl; R8 represents C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, C3-8cycloalkyl, or halo; R9 and R10 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, CN, CF3 or halo; may be useful for treating e

Abstract: A Pseudo Random Bit Sequence (PRBS) generator is provided with components to enable operation at very high microwave frequencies with inexpensive components. The PRBS generator initially replaces the D flip-flops of a conventional PRBS generator with delay lines connected in a similar manner. Further, an exclusive OR (EXOR) gate used in a conventional device is replaced in one embodiment by a mixer and amplifier. In another embodiment, the EXOR gate is replaced by a Gilbert Cell. In some embodiments, complementary outputs of an EXOR gate are connected to separate delay lines to reduce components needed for the PRBS generator.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein R1 and R3 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl, C3-8cycloalkyl, or halogen; R2 represents C1-6alkyl, CF3 or aryl; a represents 1 or 2; R4, R5, R7 and R8 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, CN or halogen, or R4 and R5, or R7 and R8, together with the ring to which they are attached form an aryl or heterocyclic fused ring system; X represents C or N; Y represents CH2 or O; R6 represents H, CN or halo provided that, when X represents N, R6 is absent. The compounds are useful for treating endometriosis, uterine fibroids (leiomyomata), menorrhagia, adenomyosis, primary and secondary dysmenorrhoea (including symptoms of dyspareunia, dyschexia and chronic pelvic pain), or chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a workbench apparatus for routing and shaping work pieces. The workbench includes a top comprising two opposed faces with a motor support structure associated with one face for holding a motor configured to receive one of a router element and a shaping element. The top is pivotally associated with a top support structure thereby allowing the workbench to be selectably positioned in at least one of two work mode configurations. The top dimensions and support structure configuration is selected so that a work piece may be moved across the top surface without interference for the support structure. The motor support structure is configured for a minimum vertical profile while providing motor movement relative to the work piece. The system may further comprise wireless technology for controlling the motor movement. The workbench apparatus without the routing support structure can be used for attaching and storing a plurality of devices.

Abstract: An output amplifier stage covers a flat frequency range of DC to microwave frequencies with provisions for independent control of input and output DC offset. The output amplifier stage includes a standard AC coupled microwave amplifier for high frequency performance. The AC coupled amplifier is intended for use as an output stage in a pulse pattern generator, although it can be used in any application where broadband frequency operation is needed with control of DC at its input and output. The DC control is provided using circuitry providing a DC bypass path around an AC coupled amplifier. The bypass path is provided between two Bias T circuits, one Bias T before and one Bias T after the AC coupled amplifier. An adjustable DC bias offset is further provided to the AC amplifier input. A feed forward signal is further provided from the input to the output of the AC coupled amplifier to supply a missing DC and low frequency component to the AC coupling of the high frequency amplifier stage.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, wherein R1 and R3 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl, C3-8cycloalkyl, or halogen; R2 represents C1-6alkyl, CF3 or aryl; a represents 1 or 2; R4, R5, R7 and R8 independently represent H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyloxy, CN or halogen, or R4 and R5, or R7 and R8, together with the ring to which they are attached form an aryl or heterocyclic fused ring system; X represents C or N; Y represents CH2 or O; R6 represents H, CN or halo provided that, when X represents N, R6 is absent. The compounds are useful for treating endometriosis, uterine fibroids (leiomyomata), menorrhagia, adenomyosis, primary and secondary dysmenorrhoea (including symptoms of dyspareunia, dyschexia and chronic pelvic pain), or chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Abstract: Selectable attenuators are used in the reference and test paths of a VNA, with attenuation automatically inserted or deleted when the Device Under Test (DUT) attenuation reaches predetermined thresholds. Attenuation in the reference channel is removed when the signal in the test channel is sufficient to overcome the leakage of the reference channel. Additionally, attenuation is removed from the test channel when the reference channel has a high attenuation inserted to further increase the difference between the leakage reference signal and the reduced test channel signal thus allowing lower isolation requirements on the two (or more) receiving channels.

Abstract: A differential reflection bridge is provided for a 100 Ohm load, the bridge not being compromised by a translation to a 50 Ohm system. The reflection bridge uses two transmission line baluns. The first traditional balun T1 connects the input signal source to a resistor bridge. The second balun T2 connects between a central node of the resistor bridge and an output OUT as well as a second test port that eliminates a path to ground. With no ground path the bridge is immune to common mode impedance disturbances.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are used to calibration a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The method includes providing a calibration module with a single port, providing within the calibration module a set of reflecting components with known scattering parameters, providing control signals to the calibration module through the single port, providing the known scattering parameters to the VNA through the single port, coupling one of reflecting components to the VNA, measuring scattering parameters, and comparing the measured scattering parameters with the known scattering parameters. The apparatus includes a calibration module and a controller module. In one embodiment, the calibration module includes a set of reflecting components, a memory that stores the characterization data, and a current source which sends characterization data in the form of current pulses to the controller module. The controller module includes a voltage source that generates the control signals used by the calibration module.

Abstract: A handheld Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) is provided with circuitry capable of providing operation over a very wide bandwidth. The VNA includes two reflectometers, a first high frequency reflectometer (150) such as the model S331 Site Master™ and a second lower frequency reflectometer (50) such as the model S820 Site Master™, both the S331 and S820 being manufactured by Anritsu Company of Morgan Hill Calif. The high frequency reflectometer (150) includes a forward coupler (109) having a coupling path connected to a high frequency impulse signal source (102), and a through path connecting the test port (3) and incident and reflected signal measurement couplers (110,112) to a load (107). To connect the high and low frequency reflectometers (150,50), a diplexer (170) is connected between the load (107) and an output of the low frequency reflectometer (50).

Abstract: A method and apparatus are used to calibration a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The method includes providing a calibration module with a single port, providing within the calibration module a set of reflecting components with known scattering parameters, providing control signals to the calibration module through the single port, providing the known scattering parameters to the VNA through the single port, coupling one of reflecting components to the VNA, measuring scattering parameters, and comparing the measured scattering parameters with the known scattering parameters. The apparatus includes a calibration module and a controller module. In one embodiment, the calibration module includes a set of reflecting components, a memory that stores the characterization data, and a current source which sends characterization data in the form of current pulses to the controller module. The controller module includes a voltage source that generates the control signals used by the calibration module.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are used to calibration a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The method includes providing a calibration module with a single port, providing within the calibration module a set of reflecting components with known scattering parameters, providing control signals to the calibration module through the single port, providing the known scattering parameters to the VNA through the single port, coupling one of reflecting components to the VNA, measuring scattering parameters, and comparing the measured scattering parameters with the known scattering parameters. The apparatus includes a calibration module and a controller module. In one embodiment, the calibration module includes a set of reflecting components, a memory that stores the characterization data, and a current source which sends characterization data in the form of current pulses to the controller module. The controller module includes a voltage source that generates the control signals used by the calibration module.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in which A is methylene or —O—; B is methylene or —O—; G1—G2—G3 form a heteroaromatic or heteroaliphatic chain; g is 0, 1 or 2; U is an alkylene chain optionally substituted by one or more alkyl; Q represents a divalent group containing nitrogen atoms; and T is an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group, have utility in the treatment of central nervous system disorders, for example depression, anxiety, psychoses (for example schizophrenia), tardive dyskinesia, Parkinson's disease, obesity, hypertension, Tourette's syndrome, sexual dysfunction, drug addiction, drug abuse, cognitive disorders, Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, obsessive-compulsive behaviour, panic attacks, social phobias, eating disorders and anorexia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia, constipation, arrhythmia, disorders of the n