Abstract: A stereoscopic viewing system provides stereoscopic viewing using a two dimensional lens system and without having to have two cameras. The system may be used over a wide range of frequencies, in fact all frequencies that can be used for producing or reproducing an image. The viewing system has an opaque leaf positioned between the two dimensional lens system and a camera in a single image path, the opaque leaf is movable laterally in the single image path from a left position to a right position to provide a left image perspective and a right image perspective of the image path to the camera. A switching device moves the opaque leaf between the two positions and retains the leaf stationary in each position for a sufficient time for the camera to view each image perspective.

Abstract: A stereoscopic viewing system provides stereoscopic viewing using a two dimensional lens system and without having to have two cameras. The system may be used over a wide range of frequencies, in fact all frequencies that can be used for producing or reproducing an image. The viewing system has an opaque leaf positioned between the two dimensional lens system and a camera in a single image path, the opaque leaf is movable laterally in the single image path from a left position to a right position to provide a left image perspective and a right image perspective of the image path to the camera. A switching device moves the opaque leaf between the two positions and retains the leaf stationary in each position for a sufficient time for the camera to view each image perspective.

Abstract: A stereophonic system is included in an instrument for minimally invasive surgery which permits a surgeon to hear spatial sounds from within a body wall. The instrument comprises a cylindrical member with an internal end for positioning inside the body wall and an external end to remain outside the body wall. There are two audio channels provided on opposing sides of the cylindrical member extending longitudinally from acoustic openings at the internal end to the external end, acoustical diaphragms protect the openings at the internal end, and a microphone is connected to each of the two audio channels at the exterior end of the cylindrical member, each microphone producing an audio signal from each of the two audio channels. A stereophonic audio amplifier amplifies the signal from each microphone and a stereophonic acoustical system produces stereophonic sound.