Abstract: A ring for photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensing performs transmissive PPG and/or reflective PPG. In particular, a ring and assembly methods therefor are described including for example connecting a rim to an inner ring via a bonding process, laying a printed circuit board (PCB) on the inner ring, aligning optical sensors of the PCB with ports of the inner ring, providing electrical connections between contact points on the PCB and the rim, and inserting an assembly including the ring, inner ring and PCB into an outer shell.

Abstract: A ring for photoplethysmographic sensing performs transmissive PPG and/or reflective PPG. It can enable lower power consumption, higher fidelity, and/or greater versatility to different use cases and users' specificities. The PPG system takes advantage of sensor spatial diversity to enhance the quality and the reliability of the PPG measurements in smart rings, for example. It can also perform user identification.