Abstract: A drive circuit for a motor having a plurality of phases, comprising an input for a DC signal and a plurality of phase outputs, the circuit being arranged to provide at each of the phase outputs, in use, current to one phase of the motor, in which there is provided a converter for each phase output, each converter being arranged to take as an input a DC signal and output an signal having an AC component with a higher voltage magnitude than that of the DC signal input to the converter. Typically, the converters comprise ?uk converters.

Abstract: A motor drive circuit comprises positive and negative input terminals for connection of the motor circuit to a DC supply, a DC link filter connected between the input terminals: an electric motor having at least two phases, a plurality of motor drive sub-circuits, each connected to a respective phase of the electric motor and which each control the flow of current into or out of the respective phase of the motor that has been drawn from the supply through the DC link filter, and a switching means provided in the electrical path between the DC link filter and the electric motor drive sub-circuits, the switching means being movable between a closed position in which it connects the DC link filter to the motor drive sub-circuits, and an open position which isolates the DC link filter from the motor drive sub-circuits.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a motor having a plurality of phases, comprising an input for a DC signal and a plurality of phase outputs, the circuit being arranged to provide at each of the phase outputs, in use, current to one phase of the motor, in which there is provided a converter for each phase output, each converter being arranged to take as an input a DC signal and output an signal having an AC component with a higher voltage magnitude than that of the DC signal input to the converter. Typically, the converters comprise ?uk converters.

Abstract: A motor drive circuit comprises positive and negative input terminals for connection of the motor circuit to a DC supply, a DC link filter connected between the input terminals: an electric motor having at least two phases, a plurality of motor drive sub-circuits, each connected to a respective phase of the electric motor and which each control the flow of current into or out of the respective phase of the motor that has been drawn from the supply through the DC link filter, and a switching means provided in the electrical path between the DC link filter and the electric motor drive sub-circuits, the switching means being movable between a closed position in which it connects the DC link filter to the motor drive sub-circuits, and an open position which isolates the DC link filter from the motor drive sub-circuits.

Abstract: This invention relates to three-dimensional synthetic and semi-synthetic compositions having biological activity, and to the uses thereof in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of various disorders in mammalian patients. More particularly it relates to preparations and uses of synthetic and semi-synthetic bodies, such as liposomes, which after introduction into the body of a patient, produce beneficial anti-inflammatory, organ protective and immune regulatory effects. The invention also relates to treatments and compositions for alleviating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and their symptoms.

Abstract: Treatment and/or prophylaxis of endothelial dysfunction-related disorders in mammalian patients is effected by administering to the patient effective amounts of apoptotic bodies and/or apoptotic cells.

Abstract: Treatment and/or prophylaxis of endothelial dysfunction-related disorders in mammalian patients is effected by administering to the patient effective amounts of apoptotic bodies and/or apoptotic cells.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for prophylaxis or treatment of an acute inflammatory disorder, comprising administering to a patient an effective amount of pharmaceutically acceptable bodies carrying an effective number of phosphate-containing groups presented or presentable on the surface of said bodies, the phosphate-containing groups comprising a plurality of phosphate-glycerol groups or groups convertible to such groups, to inhibit and/or reduce the progression of the acute inflammatory disorder, said bodies being of a size from about 20 nanometers (nm) to 500 micrometers (?m).

Abstract: Synthetic and semisythetic bodies having a three-dimensional structure, sized and shaped to resemble apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies, and having phosphatidyl serine (PS) molecules on the surface thereof, are administered to a patient, to alleviate a variety of disorders such as T-cell mediated disorders (autoimmune conditions). The bodies are believed to trigger and apoptosis-like mechanism in the patient.

Abstract: Treatment and/or prophylaxis, in mammalian patients, of neurodegenerative and other neurological medical disorders is effected by administering to the patient effective amounts of apoptotic bodies and/or apoptotic cells, preferably those derived from the patient's own white blood cells, e.g. by extracorporeal treatment of the patient's blood cells to induce apoptosis and administration of the apoptotic bodies and/or cells so formed to the patient.

Abstract: Inflammation and vascular abnormalities of the eye, including those related to ischemia, its prophylaxis and its alleviation, are treated by administration to the mammal of small amounts of phosphate-glycerol group presenting bodies such as phosphatidylglycerol liposomes.

Abstract: Symptoms, including biochemical correlates, of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a mammal are beneficially affected by administering to the mammal small doses of bodies, such as liposomes, of a size resembling that of mammalian cells, the bodies having phosphate glycerol head groups presented exteriorly on their surfaces. Preferred are liposomes comprised of 50-100% phosphatidylglycerol, with the phospho glycerol headgroups thereof exteriorly presented.

Abstract: Mammalian patients suffering from physical trauma, or about to likely suffer such trauma (by surgical treatment, or by suffering unanticipated accidental injuries, battle injuries or the like) are treated to lessen the severity of or accelerate the recovery from such consequently sustained trauma, by administering to the patient immune system-modifying entities, each comprising a body of a size similar to an apoptotic mammalian cell or apoptotic body, and having exposed on its surface phospho-glycerol groups, the entities being capable of being taken up by cells of the patient's immune system with accompanying beneficial effects including inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The entities may be phosphatidylglycerol-presenting liposomes, generally of size 50 nanometers to 500 microns, and administered to contact a patient's immune system (e.g. intramuscularly) in amounts which affect but do not overwhelm the patient's immune system.

Abstract: Natural biological vesicles with membranes which have lost phospholipid symmetry, especially those presenting phosphatidyl serine on outer membrane surfaces, such as red cell ghosts, are administered to mammalian patients, in immune system modifying amounts, for treatment or prophylaxis of inflammatory cytokine-related disorders, including autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders and endothelial dysfunction related disorders.

Abstract: Symptoms, including biochemical correlates, of age-related memory loss (ARML) in a mammal are beneficially affected by administering to the mammal small doses of bodies, such as liposomes, of a size resembling that of mammalian cells, the bodies having phosphate glycerol head groups presented exteriorly on their surfaces. Preferred are liposomes comprised of 50-100% phosphatidylglycerol, with the phosphoglycerol headgroups thereof exteriorly presented.

Abstract: An improved method for treating or preventing a pathological condition in a mammalian subject in which modified mammalian blood is administered to the subject. The method comprises administering to the subject from two to four aliquots of modified mammalian blood, with the administration of any pair of consecutive treatments either being on consecutive days or being separated by a rest period of 1 to 21 days. The treatment is useful for treating or preventing a wide range of pathological conditions in which modified mammalian blood is effective, including preconditioning a mammalian subject to better withstand the adverse effects of ischemic stress, atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: A composition of matter capable of producing an anti-inflammatory response in vivo in a mammal comprises bodies having a three-dimensional core structure of conformation and size from about 20 nm to about 500 ?m and expressing or expressible on the surface thereof RGDS ligands which will react, optionally in the presence of adapter molecules, with at least one specific receptor wherein the binding of said ligand with said receptors produces an anti-inflammatory response in vivo in said mammal.

Abstract: Synthetic and semisynthetic bodies having a three-dimensional structure, sized and shaped to resemble apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies, and having phosphatidyl serine (PS) molecules on the surface thereof, are administered to a patient, to alleviate a variety of disorders such as T-cell mediated disorders (autoimmune conditions). The bodies are believed to trigger an apoptosis-like mechanism in the patient.

Abstract: This invention relates to three-dimensional synthetic and semi-synthetic compositions having biological activity, and to the uses thereof in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of various disorders in mammalian patients. More particularly it relates to preparations and uses of synthetic and semi-synthetic bodies, such as liposomes, which after introduction into the body of a patient, produce beneficial anti-inflammatory, organ protective and immune regulatory effects. The invention also relates to treatments and compositions for alleviating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and their symptoms.

Abstract: Mammalian patients suffering from post-wounding trauma, or about to or likely to suffer such trauma (by surgical treatment, or by suffering unanticipated accidental injuries, battle injuries or the like) are treated to lessen the severity of or accelerate the recovery from such subsequently sustained trauma, by administering to the patient immune system-modifying entities, each comprising a body of a size similar to an apoptotic mammalian cell or apoptotic body, and having exposed on its surface phos-pho-amino acid groups, the entities being capable of being taken up by cells of the patient=s immune system with accompanying beneficial effects including inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines.