Abstract: In some examples, a fuel injector rail assembly may include a fuel rail including a tubular body, with a fuel outlet passage formed through a wall of the tubular body. An injector cup may be connected to the tubular body and may include an injector chamber configured to receive a fuel injector. A first fuel passage formed in the injector cup may include a first diameter, and the first fuel passage may be connected to the fuel outlet passage of the tubular body. Additionally, a second fuel passage may be formed in the injector cup between the first fuel passage and the injector chamber. The second fuel passage may have a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter of the first fuel passage.

Abstract: In some examples, a fuel injector rail assembly may include a fuel rail including a tubular body, with a fuel outlet passage formed through a wall of the tubular body. An injector cup may be connected to the tubular body and may include an injector chamber configured to receive a fuel injector. A first fuel passage formed in the injector cup may include a first diameter, and the first fuel passage may be connected to the fuel outlet passage of the tubular body. Additionally, a second fuel passage may be formed in the injector cup between the first fuel passage and the injector chamber. The second fuel passage may have a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter of the first fuel passage.

Abstract: In some examples, a mass airflow sensor apparatus includes a housing having a tubular bore for passage of air, with an airflow sensor disposed at least partially within the tubular bore. The airflow sensor may be configured to measure a flow rate of air flowing past the airflow sensor. A focus component may be disposed upstream of the mass airflow sensor, the focus component including a cylindrical tubular focus member suspended within the bore. Further, a nozzle may be disposed upstream of the focus component. The nozzle may include a conical inner surface angled toward a center of the bore. In addition, a grid component may be disposed upstream of the focus component. The grid component may include a mesh grid including a plurality of openings for smoothing a flow of air flowing toward the airflow sensor.

Abstract: In some examples, a mass airflow sensor apparatus includes a housing having a tubular bore for passage of air, with an airflow sensor disposed at least partially within the tubular bore. The airflow sensor may be configured to measure a flow rate of air flowing past the airflow sensor. A focus component may be disposed upstream of the mass airflow sensor, the focus component including a cylindrical tubular focus member suspended within the bore. Further, a nozzle may be disposed upstream of the focus component. The nozzle may include a conical inner surface angled toward a center of the bore. In addition, a grid component may be disposed upstream of the focus component. The grid component may include a mesh grid including a plurality of openings for smoothing a flow of air flowing toward the airflow sensor.

Abstract: In some examples, a clip prevents relative rotation between a fuel injector and an injector cup of a fuel rail. For instance, the fuel injector may be rotated following insertion into the injector cup to prevent removal of the fuel injector. The clip includes a clip body having a pair of arms extending from the clip body with an opening between the arms for receiving the fuel injector. A tab extends from the clip body into the opening for engaging a first alignment slot in the injector cup and a second alignment slot in the fuel injector when the clip is installed on the fuel injector. Following installation of the clip on the fuel injector, the tab is disposed in the first and second alignment slots to prevent relative rotation between the fuel injector and the injector cup.

Abstract: A portable chair with heat exchange pockets including a pair of pockets disposed on the rear side of the chair back section, each of the pair of pockets having an insulated layer disposed in an interior cavity lining a rear wall, a bottom wall, a left wall and a right wall; and an impermeable layer conductive to heat disposed parallel the rear wall on the chair back section, through which impermeable layer heat exchange is enabled between a person sitting in the chair and a plurality of extant ice packs or heating packs as preferred.