Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a plurality of pixels and a packaged integrated circuit that includes an output pin configured to electrically connect to a display driver, a rendering engine configured to output an initial luminance value for a first pixel in a plurality of pixels, and a memory controller. The memory controller includes a first frame buffer storing a current luminance value for the first pixel, a second frame buffer, and a front-end interface controller configured to encode a next luminance value. The next luminance value is at least partially determined by the initial luminance value for the first pixel. The memory controller includes a back-end interface controller configured to transmit a data signal through the output pin to the display driver to cause the display driver to apply a driving voltage to the first pixel. The driving voltage is at least partially determined by the current luminance value.

Abstract: A display device includes a first support plate and an opposing second support plate. A plurality of pixel regions is formed between the first support plate and the second support plate. Each pixel region includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions. A plurality of pixel wall portions over the first support plate form a perimeter of each of the plurality of sub-pixel regions. A sub-pixel region spacer is positioned in a first sub-pixel region of the plurality of sub-pixel regions. The sub-pixel region spacer includes a first spacer portion in the first sub-pixel region having a first landing surface extending between the plurality of pixel wall portions forming the perimeter of the first sub-pixel region. A second spacer portion of the sub-pixel region spacer extends from the second support plate in the first pixel region and is coupled to the first spacer portion.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a plurality of pixels and a packaged integrated circuit that includes an input pin configured to electrically connect to a host processor, an output pin configured to electrically connect to a display driver, a memory controller configured to store luminance values, and an integrated circuit configured to implement a rendering engine. The rendering engine receives a first red value, a first green value, and a first blue value from the input pin, converts the first red value, the first green value, and the first blue value into a first red luminance value, a first green luminance value, a first blue luminance value, and a first white luminance value for a first pixel in a plurality of pixels, and transmits the first red luminance value, the first green luminance value, the first blue luminance value, and the first white luminance value to the memory controller.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a plurality of pixels positioned between a first support plate and a second support plate. A display driver provides addressing signals to the plurality of pixels. The electrowetting display device includes a packaged integrated circuit that includes an input pin configured to electrically connected to a host processor, an output pin electrically connected to the display driver, and an input interface configured to receive image data from a host processor through the input pin. The packaged integrated circuit includes a rendering engine configured to generate a luminance value for a first pixel in the plurality of pixels using the image data, and a memory controller configured transmit a data signal through the output pin to cause the display driver to apply a driving voltage to the first pixel in the plurality of pixels. The driving voltage is at least partially determined by the luminance value.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a plurality of pixels and a packaged integrated circuit that includes an output pin configured to electrically connect to a display driver, a rendering engine configured to output an initial luminance value for a first pixel in a plurality of pixels, and a memory controller. The memory controller includes a first frame buffer storing a current luminance value for the first pixel, a second frame buffer, and a front-end interface controller configured to encode a next luminance value. The next luminance value is at least partially determined by the initial luminance value for the first pixel. The memory controller includes a back-end interface controller configured to transmit a data signal through the output pin to the display driver to cause the display driver to apply a driving voltage to the first pixel. The driving voltage is at least partially determined by the current luminance value.

Abstract: Facilitating the display of an image in a display system comprising a display panel having sub-pixels, and a backlight having individually addressable colored light emitters configured to provide light to the sub-pixels. From received image data, sub-pixel color values corresponding to color values transmitted by respective ones of the sub-pixels for display of the image are determined. From the image data, backlight values corresponding to brightnesses of ones of the colored light emitters for display of the image are determined, as are a portion of the sub-pixel color values and a portion of the backlight values that collectively correspond to a saturated or near-saturated yellow color in the displayed image. The backlight values are adjusted by increasing an amount of yellow light to be emitted by emitters of the backlight, and the color values are adjusted by decreasing an amount of yellow light to be transmitted by the sub-pixels.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing low power subpixel rendering are provided. The method includes receiving image data for a first pixel of a captured image, receiving image data for a second pixel of the capture image, determining a first saturation value of the first pixel and a second saturation value of the second pixel, determining a maximum saturation value based on the first saturation value and the second saturation value, and rendering a subpixel value using a one dimensional filter or a unity filter based on the determined maximum saturation value.

Abstract: A side-channel encoding method for an electronic device is provided. The side-channel encoding method includes converting an original image into a down image by downscaling the original image, converting the down image into an up image by upscaling the down image, calculating a pixel-specific luminance variation between the original image and the up image by using a local average luminance for each pixel included in the original image, converting the pixel-specific luminance variation into a first variation binary signal by binarizing the luminance variation, converting the first variation binary signal into a second variation binary signal by simplifying the first variation binary signal, and outputting the second variation binary signal by including the second variation binary signal in the down image.

Abstract: A method of optimizing the luminance level of a backlight system is presented. The method entails dividing the backlight system into zones, each of the zones having a light source; determining a target illumination level for each of the zones based on data values of a display panel that is to be illuminated by the backlight system; and setting a backlight drive value of the light source in a particular zone based on target illumination level of the particular zone and a backlight drive value assigned to its neighboring zone. The invention makes high-quality image display achievable with reduced power consumption by taking advantage of the “communal” aspect of the zones in a local dimming backlight system. In determining the backlight drive value of a zone, the invention takes into account the illumination contributions from neighboring zones.

Abstract: A module processes image data to provide gray level signals to be used for displaying an image. The module may include a scale value control member for determining a first scale value. The module may further include a brightness control member for determining a controlled brightness value using a requested brightness value, a brightness control parameter, and a baseline brightness value. The module may further include a modification member for determining a modified scale value using the first scale value and the controlled brightness value. The module may further include a scaler for generating the gray level signals using the image data and at least one of the modified scale value and a damped scale value, the damped scale value being determined using the modified scale value. The module may further include hardware circuitry for implementing at least one of the aforementioned components.

Abstract: A method of facilitating the display of an image. The method includes, in a display system comprising a display panel having pixels and a backlight having individually addressable colored light emitters configured to provide light to the pixels of the display panel, receiving image data corresponding to an image for display upon the display panel, the pixels each having a color to be displayed, so as to collectively display the image. The method also includes, for each pixel, evaluating whether the corresponding color to be displayed is out-of-gamut to the each pixel, so as to form a set of out-of-gamut pixels. A set of virtual primaries is determined so as to define intensities of light emitted by the colored light emitters of the backlight during display of the image, the virtual primaries determined according to the colors of the set of out-of-gamut pixels.

Abstract: Displays are provided with circuitry performing color correction to compensate for the displays' luminance and chrominance transfer characteristics. Some techniques are suitable for RGBW displays and for subpixel-rendered displays. Some displays include an external light source (e.g. a backlight unit in LCDs), and the color correction is coordinated with dynamic control of the light source.

Abstract: A display system and method for displaying an image on the display system are provided. The display system includes a display panel and a backlight for illuminating the display panel, the backlight including one or more light emitting zones that each emit light in response to a backlight drive value. The display system further includes a backlight selection module for selecting the backlight drive value for each light emitting zone from image data, an effective backlight module that generates effective backlight signals using light spread information for the backlight and the backlight drive values, and a module for modulating the image data according to the effective backlight signal and providing the modulated image data to the display panel. The light spread information includes information representing the contribution of light from each light emitting zone over the display panel.

Abstract: One embodiment may employ one or more non-transitory computer-readable memories, the memories collectively storing instructions for executing a method of facilitating the display of an image. This method may comprise, in a display system comprising a display panel having pixels and a backlight having individually addressable colored light emitters configured to provide light to the pixels of the display panel, receiving image data corresponding to an image for display upon the display panel, the pixels each having a color to be displayed, so as to collectively display the image. The method also includes, for each pixel, evaluating whether the corresponding color to be displayed is out-of-gamut to the each pixel, so as to form a set of out-of-gamut pixels. A set of virtual primaries is determined, defining intensities of light emitted by the colored light emitters of the backlight during display of the image, the virtual primaries determined according to the colors of the set of out-of-gamut pixels.

Abstract: Displays are provided with circuitry performing color correction to compensate for the displays' luminance and chrominance transfer characteristics. Some techniques are suitable for RGBW displays and for subpixel-rendered displays. Some displays include an external light source (e.g. a backlight unit in LCDs), and the color correction is coordinated with dynamic control of the light source.

Abstract: A cubic, or other polynomial, approximation to a panel's gamma function. Embodiments contemplate a display system configured to apply a panel gamma function that is a third-order polynomial function, as well as its substantial inverse. This third order function is often easier to implement, and yields lower gate count than current power law gamma functions.

Abstract: A method for modifying color data in a display system is implemented using hardware circuitry. The method includes receiving first-color data associated with a first bit depth, the first-color data including a first-color data value. The method also includes receiving second-color data associated with a second bit depth that is less than the first bit depth, the second-color data including a second-color data value that corresponds to the first-color data value. The method also includes normalizing the second-color data according to the first bit depth for generating normalized second-color data. The method also includes adding an offset value to each data value of the normalized second-color data to generate offset second-color data, the offset second-color data including an offset second-color data value that corresponds to the first-color data value. The method also includes determining a modified second-color data value using the first-color data value and the offset second-color data value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adaptively controlling the backlight to reduce flicker in a display is provided. The apparatus includes a display, a backlight providing illumination for said display, a backlight control module for providing backlight control signals to said backlight, and an adaptive transition rate module. The module calculates an adaptive parameter based on a magnitude of change between backlight requirements for two frames, determining a smoothing function based on the adaptive parameter, and using said smoothing function to modify said backlight control signals. Techniques for adaptively controlling the illumination of the backlight according to the difference in the illumination levels of two different sets of image data are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a first embodiment, a display system comprises a display panel with 4 or more colored subpixels. The display system receives input image data specified in a first color space and outputs image data specified in a second color space. The display system further comprises a gamut mapping module for mapping the input image data specified in the first color space to image data specified in the second color space. The gamut mapping module clamps out-of-gamut colors using at least a first clamping system and a second clamping system. The first and second clamping systems yield first and second clamped values. A weighting module produces a resulting clamped value from the first and second clamped values. A final output image value is derived from the resulting clamped value. Other embodiments of the display system include pre-reduction modules and adjustable GMA modules.

Abstract: A method for modifying color data in a display system is implemented using hardware circuitry. The method includes receiving first-color data associated with a first bit depth, the first-color data including a first-color data value. The method also includes receiving second-color data associated with a second bit depth that is less than the first bit depth, the second-color data including a second-color data value that corresponds to the first-color data value. The method also includes normalizing the second-color data according to the first bit depth for generating normalized second-color data. The method also includes adding an offset value to each data value of the normalized second-color data to generate offset second-color data, the offset second-color data including an offset second-color data value that corresponds to the first-color data value. The method also includes determining a modified second-color data value using the first-color data value and the offset second-color data value.