Abstract: Modified annexin proteins, including a homodimer of human annexin V, are provided. Methods for their use, such as to prevent thrombosis without increasing hemorrhage, enhancing the survivability of platelets during storage or transfusion and to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury (IPI), are also provided. The modified annexins bind phosphatidylserine (PS) on cell surfaces, thereby preventing the assembly of the prothromkinase complex. The modified annexin decreases the binding of leukocytes and platelets during post-ischemic reperfusion, thereby restoring microvascular blood flow and decreasing organ damage. In addition, the modified annexin prevents lipid loss from platelets during storage.

Abstract: A method for preventing and treating AD is supplementation with vitamin K so that the concentration of the vitamin in the circulation is sufficient for its functions outside the liver. Vitamin K supplementation will also be useful to reduce brain damage associated with cardiovascular disease and injury. Vitamin K can be administered orally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. The vitamin K can be phylloquinone, menaquinones of varying chain lengths, or menadione. Preferred forms of the vitamin are all-trans menadione and menaquinone-4. These are formulated so as to ensure efficient absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and rapid bioavailability in the brain following administration.

Abstract: Immunological preparations are described in which liposomes having negative charge are used as adjuvants for the purposes of human and veterinary vaccines containing viral antigens. The formulation of influenza antigen in liposomes formed with egg lecithin is described and the adjuvant effect demonstrated.

Abstract: Immunological preparations are described in which liposomes having a negative charge are used as adjuvants for the purposes of human and veterinary vaccines containing viral or bacterial antigens. The formulation of influenza antigen, and diphtheria and tetanus toxoid antigens in liposomes formed with egg lecithin is described and the adjuvant effect demonstrated.