Abstract: A multimode optical fiber includes an inner core and an outer core on the inner core having different refractive index profiles. The refractive index profile of the outer core is graded, while the refractive index profile of the inner core may be graded. The refractive index profiles have the same value at the inner core--outer core boundary.

Abstract: Devices and materials containing certain stable, polycyclic aromatic compounds exhibit sensible, second order nonlinear optical effects. In general, useful polycyclic aromatic compounds possess electron-donating and electron-withdrawing chemical functionality but no center of inversion symmetry on either the molecular or crystalline unit cell level.

Abstract: Electro-optic devices and methods for making and using same are provided wherein waveguide elements are coupled by introducing between them a coupling element to permit strong optical coupling between the waveguides in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction in which light normally would propagate in the waveguides.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a high performance nonlinear optical medium which comprises a transparent organic polymer film containing an array of charge asymmetric molecules such as 13,13-diamino-14,14-dicyanodiphenoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a high performance nonlinear optical medium which comprises a transparent organic polymer film containing an array of charge asymmetric molecules such as 13,13-diamino-14,14-dicyanodiphenoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a bistable optical device comprising a Fabry-Perot etalon which has an optical cavity containing a naphthalocyanine dye medium as a nonlinear optical component.

Abstract: This invention provides optical devices with an organic nonlinear optical component which is a transparent medium of a wholly aromatic polymer which exhibits a third order nonlinear optical susceptibility .chi..sup.(3) of at least about 1.times.10.sup.-12 esu.Illustrative of an invention embodiment is an ultrafast all-optical gate device with a transparent poly([benzo(1,2-d:4,5-d')bisthiazole-2,6-diyl]-1,4-phenylene) optical component which exhibits a third order nonlinear optical susceptibility .chi..sup.(3) of 10.times.10.sup.-12 esu.

Abstract: This invention provides a nonlinear optical medium which consists of a transparent solid substrate with a surface coating of at least one monolayer of a compound such as 11,11-di(n-hexyldecylamino)-12,12-dicyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: This invention provides an electrooptic light modulator device with a nonlinear optical component consisting of a transparent solid medium of a naphthoquinodimethane compound such as 11,11-di(n-hexyldecylamino)-12,12-dicyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a nonlinear optical medium which consists of a transparent solid substrate coated with a Langmuir-Blodgett deposition of at least one molecular monolayer of uniaxial aligned charge asymmetric quinodimethane molecules, such as 7,7-bis(hexadecylamino)-8,8-dicyanoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: This invention provides a novel class of naphthoquinodimethane compositions. Illustrative of the invention is 11,11-di(n-hexyldecylamino)-12,12-dicyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane: ##STR1## An invention naphthoquinodimethane compound has utility as a nonlinear optical component in an electrooptic light modulator device.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a high performance nonlinear optical substrate which comprises a transparent organic polymer film containing an array of charge asymmetric molecules such as 13,13-diamino-14,14-dicyanodiphenoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a nonlinear optical medium which consists of a transparent solid substrate coated with a Langmuir-Blodgett deposition of at least one molecular monolayer of uniaxial aligned charge asymmetric quinodimethane molecules, such as 7,7-bis(hexadecylamino)-8,8-dicyanoquinodimethane: ##STR1##

Abstract: Dialkenyl diacetylenes, especially divinyl diacetylenes having liquid crystalline phases, are provided. In accordance with certain preferred embodiments, diacetylenes having liquid crystalline phases are provided which may be polymerized while in the liquid crystalline state to yield conjugated polymers. The processes for the polymerization of such liquid crystalline diacetylenes and for the elaboratiPortions of this work have been supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Grant No. DAAK-70-77-C-0045 (5-26502). The United States Government has certain rights in this invention.

Abstract: Photographic and Photolithographic systems are provided which utilize diacetylenic materials as components thereof. Such materials, which include at least two acetylenic bonds in conjugation with one another, provide a combination of both high sensitivity and high resolving power, thus resulting in superior photographic and photolithographic properties.In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a substrate is coated with at least one layer of a polymerizable composition comprising a diacetylenic species, said layer being organized into a plurality of domains having a substantially regular array of the diacetylenic species. In other embodiments, covalent bonding of the diacetylenic layer to the substrate is accomplished through the use of suitably constituted silane species, thus to provide a highly beneficial adhesion of substrate and photo- or photolithographic layer.

Abstract: Novel nonlinear optical, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, waveguide, and other materials are presented together with processes for their employment and articles formed thereby. Such materials, processes and articles comprise diacetylenes and polymers formed from diacetylenic species, which polymers are amenable to close geometric, steric, structural, and electronic control. Accordingly, it is now possible to design, formulate and employ new diacetylenic species and polymers formed therefrom to provide nonlinear optic, waveguide, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric materials and devices having surprising efficiencies and degrees of effect.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, diacetylenes which are crystallizable into crystals having a non-centrosymmetric unit cell may form single crystals or may be elaborated into a thin film upon a substrate by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Such films may, optionally, be polymerized either thermally or by irradiation for use in nonlinear optical and other systems.

Abstract: Photographic and Photolithographic systems are provided which utilize diacetylenic materials as components thereof. Such materials, which include at least two acetylenic bonds in conjugation with one another, provide a combination of both high sensitivity and high resolving power, thus resulting in superior photographic and photolithographic properties.In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a substrate is coated with at least one layer of a polymerizable composition comprising a diacetylenic species, said layer being organized into a plurality of domains having a substantially regular array of the diacetylenic species. In other embodiments, covalent bonding of the diacetylenic layer to the substrate is accomplished through the use of suitably constituted silane species, thus to provide a highly beneficial adhesion of substrate and photo- or photolithographic layer.

Abstract: Novel nonlinear optical, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, waveguide, and other materials are presented together with processes for their employment and articles formed thereby. Such materials, processes and articles comprise diacetylenes and polymers formed from diacetylenic species, which polymers are amenable to close geometric, steric, structural, and electronic control. Accordingly, it is now possible to design, formulate and employ new diacetylenic species and polymers formed therefrom to provide nonlinear optic, waveguide, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric materials and devices having surprising efficiencies and degrees of effect. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, diacetylenes which are crystallizable into crystals having a noncentrosymmetric unit cell may form single crystals or may be elaborated into a thin film upon a substrate by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Such films may, optionally, be polymerized either thermally or by irradiation for use in nonlinear optical and other systems.