Abstract: A bindery system captures pages of a bound or unbound book in a hard or soft cover case by crimping a metal U-shaped channel which is bonded to the inside spine surface of the hard or soft covers.

Abstract: An improved ink jet marking architecture for enhancing ink droplet placing accuracy. The improved architecture combines a bipolar scanning arrangement with a drop interlace scheme. The preferred marking apparatus comprises an array of ink jet column generators which direct ink droplets to first a charging region and then through a deflection region. The droplets are charged either negatively or positively depending on a desired droplet trajectory; thus the bipolar designation. The deflection region has an electric field strength slightly less than the breakdown field strength of air for the environment in which the apparatus is to operate. The high field strength reduces the charge which must be applied to the droplets and therefore minimizes the drop to drop coulomb interaction. The interlace strategy causes sequential drops from a given generator to be printed in non-sequential locations on the paper.

Abstract: An electrostatographic developer mixture comprising finely divided toner particles, and steel bead carriers whose surfaces are carburized, or nitrided or carburized-nitrided.

Abstract: An apparatus in which particles are dispensed from an open-ended chamber. An oscillatory magnetic field vibrates a magnetic member at least partially immersed in the particles. This prevents bridging and caking of the particles to facilitate flow of the particles from the open end of the chamber.

Abstract: A system for minimizing free airborne particles generated by movement of a multi-component developer material within a development housing of an electrostatographic machine. The multi-component material includes a relatively large carrier component and a relatively small toner component for developing electrostatographic images. A filter member with predetermined pore size is positioned across the flow of the multi-component material and connected to a source of negative pressure.

Abstract: An improved filter apparatus for use in controlling emission of airborne toner from a developer housing. The filter apparatus includes a foraminous filter member made of a relatively rigid inert material which does not chemically react with toner. A gasket and cover maintain a tight seal around the filter member.

Abstract: Positive and negative copies are formed from both positive and negative originals by developing with both positively and negatively charged toner and selectively transferring toner of one polarity to produce a positive or negative print. The developer may be comprised of two toners and a single carrier; two carriers and a single toner or a single toner and a single carrier.

Abstract: A method of forming spherically shaped pellets of relatively small diameter is disclosed which comprises the steps of depositing a finely divided congealable material on a surface of a disk shaped body, transporting the body over a closed course which extends in a plane forming an acute angle with the horizontal while rotating the body during the transport in the plane of the course thereby imparting a tumbling motion to the material and resulting in the fabrication of pellets, and collecting pellets of a predetermined range of sizes. A pelletizing apparatus is described which is adapted for forming pellets of relatively small diameter having enhanced surface characteristics and for automatically classifying the pellets by size.