Abstract: A portable fluid heating tool capable of heating a flow of water under mains pressure to about 107 degrees Celsius and has a connection to a water supply via a hose. Water flows through an electrical heater within the tool, then to a thermally controlled pressure regulating valve (80) and then to the outlet nozzle. This valve (80) has a moveable member such as a diaphragm (83) sealing off a pressure chamber (88). Movement of the diaphragm (83) causes a valve (85) to open or at least partly close. When closed the valve (85) impedes, or restricts the flow of water from an inlet (86) to an outlet (87) through the valve. On the other side of the diaphragm a small quantity of water is trapped within the pressure chamber (88), so that as the valve (80) heats up, pressure within the pressure chamber (88) rises as the water turns to water vapour and the air within the chamber also expands.

Abstract: A rotary cylinder fluid pressure machine such as an internal combustion engine (10) has a cylindrical stator (11) within which there is rotatable a rotor (12) from which project five cylinders (13, 14, 15, 16, 17). The cylinders (13, 14, 15, 16, 17) are equi-angularly spaced about the rotational axis of the rotor (12) and are equally spaced along the said axis. In each cylinder (13, 14, 15, 16, 17) is a respective piston (18, 19, 20, 21) connected by a respective connecting rod (23, 24, 25, 26 27) to respective crank pins of a crank shaft (33) which is coaxial with the rotor (12). The five throws of the crank shaft (33) bearing the respective crank pins have the same equi-angular separation as the cylinders (13, 14, 15, 16, 17). The rotor (12) and crank shaft (33) are interconnected by bevel gears (not shown) whereby rotation of one will cause counter-rotation of the other at the same speed.