Abstract: A method and apparatus for refining elemental sulphur and hydrogen gas from H.sub.2 S is disclosed. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for vapor phase electrolysis of H.sub.2 S gas using a molten polysulfide electrolyte disposed in a matrix.

Abstract: An improved electrochemical fuel cell is provided wherein the catalytic surface of the electrode comprises a layer bonded thereto, such layer comprising a fluorinated acid-containing polymer. The layer allows for separation of the conductivity and catalytic functions of the electrode, resulting in improved cell performance.

Abstract: An improved method and electrolytic cell for the oxidation of nitrogen-containing waste materials in a dialysate stream used for hemodialysis, hemofiltration or peritoneal dialysis comprises a cylinder having a porous anode and a porous cathode spaced apart in the direction of flow. By flowing the spent dialysate in the direction from the anode to the cathode, and applying sufficient voltage to oxidize chloride ion present to activated chlorine, the waste materials are oxidized to chlorinated intermediates. In the vicinity of the cathode, the chlorinated intermediates react further to yield to nitrogen and carbon dioxide, with the chlorine being reduced back to chloride ion. In this way, the dialysate is regenerated without the net evolution of undesirable chlorine species.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell in which a plurality of semiconductor bodies are provided on a conductive layer on a major surface of a substrate. Each body includes a core and an outer layer of different conductivity types. A transparent conductive layer interconnects the semiconductor bodies. In one embodiment a single conductive layer is formed on the substrate, and a voltage differential is generated between the signal conductive layer and the transparent conductive layer. Alternatively, two conductive layers can be provided on the substrate and the voltage differential is generated between the two conductive layers.

Abstract: A cathode for an electrolyser. It comprises porous conductive material which includes sintered nickel impregnated with a catalyst, characterized in that said catalyst is a molybdate of nickel or iron or mixtures thereof. The invention is used for manufacturing hydrogen by electrolysing an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell includes a substrate having two conductive layers thereon and a plurality of discrete semiconductor bodies positioned on the conductive layers. In one embodiment discrete silicon particles of one conductivity type are positioned on one conductive layer and discrete silicon particles of opposite conductivity type are positioned on the other conductive layer. A redox system electrolyte contacts the particles whereby a voltage potential is generated across the two conductive layers in response to photons impinging on the semiconductor particles. In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of spaced conductive layers are provided with both P type and N type silicon particles on each conductive layer. A redox electrolyte serially connects the bipolar cells of each conductive layer thereby providing a higher voltage potential.

Abstract: A bipolar electrode for an electrolyzer. It is characterized in that the anode surface and the cathode surface of said electrode both comprise a porous conductive material which includes sintered nickel previously impregnated with nickel molybdate. The invention is used for manufacturing hydrogen by electrolyzing an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: A bipolar electrode for an electolyser. It is characterized in that the anode surface and the cathode surface of said electrode both comprise a porous conductive material which includes sintered nickel previously impregnated with nickel molybdate. The invention is used for manufacturing hydrogen by electrolysing an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rechargeable electrochemical system suitable for use in an electric vehicle. It comprises a battery comprising at least one positive electrode depolarized by air, at least one negative collector, a tank, an electrolyzer comprising at least one positive electrode and one negative electrode, an electrolyte bearing in suspension the negative active material. The electrolyte is caused to flow either between the tank and the battery or between the electrolyzer and the tank, wherein the total volume of the alkaline electrolyte, bearing in suspension a negative active material containing 250 g to 350 g per liter of equivalent zinc, lies between one and a half and three times the internal volume of the electrolyzer.