Abstract: Super miniature TFF and TFP active modular optoelectronic components are based on an optical interface that is three times less than the size of SFF/SFP components and about six times smaller than an SC based component and thus provides a density that is three times higher than LC interfaces. The invention provides substantially smaller photonic devices that can be used with substantially smaller optoelectronic components and combines the new optoelectronic components with the new smaller miniature interconnect systems such as the Push-Release type using the same interface. The new interface can be used with sub-millimeter or larger diameter ferrules. Photonic devices are mounted in a close proximity of the active end of a fiber stub thereby avoiding the need for lenses and active alignment and enabling use in active hermetic or non-hermetic subassemblies.

Abstract: A multi-transverse-optical-mode heterojunction diode laser characterized by wavelength control of its output. The wavelength control or the control of multi-transverse-optical-modes may be achieved by, for example, selectively etching a layer to partially remove it and possibly followed by epitaxial regrowth, or by selectively converting a layer to an insulating material of a different refractive index, or by selectively modifying the optical properties of a layer by ion implantation, or by selectively modifying the optical properties of a layer by impurity-induced vacancy disordering.

Abstract: A multi-transverse-optical-mode heterojunction diode laser characterized by wavelength control of its output. The wavelength control or the control of multi-transverse-optical-modes may be achieved by, for example, selectively etching a layer to partially remove it and possibly followed by epitaxial regrowth, or by selectively converting a layer to an insulating material of a different refractive index, or by selectively modifying the optical properties of a layer by ion implantation, or by selectively modifying the optical properties of a layer by impurity-induced vacancy disordering.

Abstract: Super miniature TFF and TFP active modular optoelectronic components are based on an optical interface that is three times less than the size of SFF/SFP components and about six times smaller than an SC based component and thus provides a density that is three times higher than LC interfaces. The invention provides substantially smaller photonic devices that can be used with substantially smaller optoelectronic components and combines the new optoelectronic components with the new smaller miniature interconnect systems such as the Push-Release type using the same interface. The new interface can be used with sub-millimeter or larger diameter ferrules. Photonic devices are mounted in a close proximity of the active end of a fiber stub thereby avoiding the need for lenses and active alignment and enabling use in active hermetic or non-hermetic subassemblies.

Abstract: Fiber optic connections are accomplished with passive alignment using a modular approach. An improved waveguide substrate has precisely aligned waveguides secured in place, including at an inlet channel, an outlet channel, or both. The waveguides need not extend beyond the face of the inlet or outlet location, and there is no need to have any unsupported fiber optic fibers connect to the waveguide substrate. When provided, a connector module or modules have fiber optic fibers having supported ends which precisely align with the waveguides of the waveguide substrate. Connecting pins typically are provided to insure alignment between waveguides and fibers is easily attained.

Abstract: Improved power output sensing of radiation from a plurality of transmitting vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) arranged in a array and attached to a submount. At least one, and preferably two power monitoring VCSELs are also formed on the submount at a location where indirect radiation is not detected from the transmitting VCSELs in the array. Power monitoring VCSELs are formed on flip-chips, preferably on the same wafer as the VCSEL array to provide similar electrical characteristics. The flip-chip VCSELs are mounted to the submount such that the power monitoring VCSELs are generally in alignment with the photodiodes. The photodiodes then produce electrical signals due to radiation emitted by the power monitoring VCSELs, which in turn emulates the amount of radiation emitted by the transmitting VCSELs in the array. Related methods of forming a VCSEL array attached to a submount, with power monitoring of flip-chip VCSELs by photodiodes formed in the submount, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Passive alignment connection between a fiber optic component and a component having one or more vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) is provided. The system includes a VCSEL module which has a VCSEL which emits its optical energy into passive alignment with the fiber optic fiber, as well as a substantially identical VCSEL which emits its optical energy to a detector so as to monitor the optical power of that VCSEL and effectively monitor the optical power of the VCSEL which emits its optical energy in passive alignment with the fiber optic fiber.

Abstract: A waveguide type electro-absorptive optical modulator that resists damage to its input facet and methods for minimizing or eliminating optical and electrical damage to the input facet of waveguide type electro-absorptive modulator by fabrication of an electrically isolated region in the modulator's waveguide proximate the input facet by forming an ion implantation region in at least one waveguide confinement rib proximate the input facet, a signal contact end on the at least one rib that is recessed from the plane of the input facet, or both.

Abstract: The invention is directed to laterally confined optical waveguide devices in semiconductors using quantum-well structures. An optical waveguide having a core comprising at least one quantum-well structure is interposed between first and second cladding regions such that an optical beam inserted into the core region spreads laterally with respect to a primary direction of the beam. Contacts are fabricated on the surface of the top cladding region and serve as means for applying an electric field to the core of the waveguide. The electric field induces a change in the refractive index of the portion of the quantum-well structure within the field. The change in the refractive index functions to laterally confine the propagation of the optical beam to the region of the core within the electric field, while maintaining a low loss transmission.

Abstract: Synthetic layered structures, which may be semiconductor structures, are modified, both laterally and vertically, to provide novel electronic, optoelectronic, and optical properties. This is accomplished by selective intermixing of such layered structures through selective irradiation with laser beam or electron beam energy sources to effect interaction between neighboring regions, to a degree dependent on the energy density, while avoiding physical damage to the layered structures.

Abstract: A multilayer structure formed of two or more separate layers of different materials can be selectively intermixed so as to become compositionally transmuted, such that the distinction between the different original materials is lost, at least partially. This intermixing is accomplished by employing irradiation with a pulsed or rapidly scanned laser or electron beam. In addition,the intermixing can be accomplised by multiple pulses from the laser or electron beam so as to increase the degree of intermixing, thereby obtaining a more complete mixing.

Abstract: A head mounted, protective respirator hood is improved by the addition of an inner bib structure. Embodiments of the improved hood for use with half or full face respirator masks as well as for use as a supplied air respirator hood are disclosed. An elasticized opening through the inner bib adapting the improved hood structure for mounting to a variety of different face masks is described. The use of a rigid neck ring to attach the inner bib to the neck opening of a protective suit is disclosed.

Abstract: A loose fitting respirator hood made of flaccid, non-stretchable, air impervious material with a curved optical lens panel interposed in the sidewall thereof. The method of making the hood is disclosed in which curvature is imparted to a relatively stiff lens panel by the flaccid material of the hood. Head engaging members are disclosed for supporting the hood on the head of the wearer. A neck engaging ruff is disclosed which is sealingly mounted about the interior of the hood and can define a hollow annulus with apetures through the sidewall thereof to provide for air distribution to the interior of the hood. A rigid collar member for interconnecting the hood with a suit is disclosed together with the provision of an air filter in communication with a tubular member sealed through the lens panel and extending into proximity with the mouth of the wearer to supply respirable air.

Abstract: A disposable protective film accessory for use with a hood assembly including an optically transparent lens panel. The accessory includes an elongated sheet of thin, flexible transparent film having a length many times the length of the lens panel and a width which is at least a substantial portion of the width of the lens panel. The sheet of film is tightly rolled about an axis normal to the length thereof. The roll of film is loosely contained in a housing comprising an open sided cavity which is mounted on the exterior surface of the lens panel at one end thereof with the open side of the cavity against the lens panel. A tensioning bar member is mounted across the other end of the lens panel in contact with the exterior surface thereof. The free end of the protective film is pulled out of the cavity between the housing and the lens panel, across the exterior surface of the lens panel and between the lens panel and the tensioning bar member.

Abstract: A loose fitting respirator hood made of flaccid, non-stretchable, air impervious material with a curved optical lens panel interposed in the sidewall thereof. The method of making the hood is disclosed in which curvature is imparted to a relatively stiff lens panel by the flaccid material of the hood. Head engaging members are disclosed for supporting the hood on the head of the wearer. A neck engaging ruff is disclosed which is sealingly mounted about the interior of the hood and can define a hollow annulus with apertures through the sidewall thereof to provide for air distribution to the interior of the hood. A rigid collar member for interconnecting the hood with a suit is disclosed together with the provision of an air filter in communication with a tubular member sealed through the lens panel and extending into proximity with the mouth of the wearer to supply respirable air.

Abstract: An air-tight self-adjusting protective garment having a torso covering portion with integral arms and legs. Gloves are sealingly affixed to the free ends of the arms and boots are sealingly affixed to the free ends of the legs. A head enclosing hood or helmet is sealingly attached to the garment, and hood and garment are supplied with a positive pressure air plenum which is exhausted through one or more one-way valves. The garment is prevented from ballooning due to the internal air pressure by a plurality of elastic strip members which are affixed to the inner surface of the garment without destroying the air-tight integrity thereof and extend longitudinally of the torso covering portion and of the arms and legs thereof, which elastic strip members also enable the garment to self-adjust to fit a range of different size individuals.

Abstract: A respiratory protection apparatus includes a nose engaging means for urging the outer walls of the nose toward the inner wall, which includes spaced-apart urging members, and a mouthpiece, said nose engaging means being rigidly secured to said mouthpiece. The apparatus further comprises a conduit arrangement for supplying air to said mouthpiece, said mouthpiece secured to a portion of the conduit arrangement, said conduit arrangement being sufficiently rigid so that said conduit arrangement can be used to direct said nose engaging means onto said nose and then direct the mouthpiece into the mouth of the worker. The apparatus further includes a valve for communicating with the conduit arrangement for allowing for the inhalation and exhalation of air.

Abstract: A vortex tube has a vortex generator portion in the form of a right circular cylindrical re-entrant cavity having end walls defining a right circular cylindrical volume therewithin with a nozzle means separating such volume from the remainder of the cavity. Pressurized air or other gas is introduced into the cavity through an appropriate coupling and is caused to swirl by the nozzle means to produce a vortex within such volume. A stream of higher temperature gas is coupled from one side of the vortex generator by a tube of given length and diameter smaller than the diameter of the vortex volume and a stream of lower temperature gas is coupled from the other side of the vortex generator through an opening of smaller diameter than the tube. Longitudinally extending grooves in the inner surface of the distal end portion of the tube enable a given temperature differential between the high and low temperature streams to be obtained with a tube of reduced length.

Abstract: An improved headband is disclosed which is readily adjustable in size and which is self-setting to automatically accommodate a wearer having a head of a larger size than the size to which the headband is adjusted. The headband is useful in a suspension system for a safety hat or the like.

Abstract: A ventilating system for use with protective clothing of the type including a head enclosure and an outer covering for a user's body is described. The system provides for the distribution of air from a pressurized source to a user's limbs to provide a flow of air thereabout while insuring that sufficient pressurized air is delivered to the head enclosure for respiration and to maintain a positive pressure plenum therein under all conditions.