Abstract: A method for assembling a module configured to limit power surge exposure to an electrical device may include providing a carrier configured to receive at least one electrical conductor and at least one surge protection component. A lug defining a hollow space is provided in a pocket of the carrier, and an electrical lead of a surge protection component and an electrical conductor are provided in the hollow space of the lug. The method includes crimping the lug onto the electrical lead of the surge protection component and the electrical conductor such that the electrical lead and the electrical conductor are physically and electrically coupled to one another. The carrier may include multiple pockets receiving multiple lugs, and the multiple lugs may be crimped substantially simultaneously to physically and electrically couple corresponding pairs of electrical leads and conductors.

Abstract: A method for assembling a module configured to limit power surge exposure to an electrical device may include providing a carrier configured to receive at least one electrical conductor and at least one surge protection component. A lug defining a hollow space is provided in a pocket of the carrier, and an electrical lead of a surge protection component and an electrical conductor are provided in the hollow space of the lug. The method includes crimping the lug onto the electrical lead of the surge protection component and the electrical conductor such that the electrical lead and the electrical conductor are physically and electrically coupled to one another. The carrier may include multiple pockets receiving multiple lugs, and the multiple lugs may be crimped substantially simultaneously to physically and electrically couple corresponding pairs of electrical leads and conductors.

Abstract: A surge protection module configured to limit power surge exposure to an electrical device may include a carrier defining a first end and a second end opposite the first end and a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end. The surge protection module may also include at least two electrical conductors coupled to the carrier. The surge protection module may also include a surge protection component electrically coupled to the at least two electrical conductors and configured to limit power surge conducted to an electrical device to which the at least two electrical conductors are electrically coupled. The carrier may include at least one conductor channel extending between ends of the carrier and configured to receive at least one electrical conductor.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a combination power supply module containing the main drive electronics and backup drive electronics along with a backup power supply for a light emitting diode (LED) based luminaire are described herein. The power supply module may include a main LED driver that is electrically connected to a main power supply through active power factor correction circuitry and is also electrically connected to an LED or array of LEDs. The power supply module further includes power management circuitry electrically connected to a backup power supply and an emergency LED driver, where the power management circuitry discharges the backup power supply to supply power to the emergency LED driver for powering at least a subset of the LEDs when power is no longer being supplied to the main LED driver. The main LED driver and the emergency LED driver are contained in the same module housing.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: An emergency ballast for a fluorescent lamp includes a rechargeable battery. The emergency ballast also includes a circuit for receiving an electrical voltage and providing a recommended charging voltage to the battery. The electrical voltage is one of two amplitudes, and the circuit provides a charge to the battery without regard to the amplitude of the electrical voltage. The first amplitude of the electrical voltage can be 120 volts, and the second amplitude can be 277 volts. The emergency ballast includes a capacitor electrically coupled to the circuit that provides an additional voltage to the rechargeable battery when the electrical current is 120 volts. The emergency ballast also includes a switch for electrically decoupling the capacitor from the circuit when the electrical current is 277 volts.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for powering high-frequency fluorescent lamps with rapid start capability has input terminals connected to a ballast and output terminals connected to a fluorescent lamp. A transformer module has at least one primary winding that receives a power signal from the ballast and two or more secondary windings that are magnetically coupled to the primary winding. The secondary windings power the cathodes of the fluorescent lamp. The energizing signals are at a high frequency for powering high-frequency fluorescent lamps with rapid start capability. Tuning capacitors are used for tuning the high-frequency power signals. A control device, for instance for occupancy sensing and/or daylight harvesting may be connected into the circuit so as to further raise the efficiency of the luminaire by only energizing the lamp when it is useful.

Abstract: A high-efficiency ballast arrangement for a lighting fixture has an automatic polarity protection circuit for supplying an output DC voltage of constant polarity no matter in which orientation the fixture is mounted in a DC-powered suspended ceiling system having a DC power supply. A main DC ballast circuit includes a main DC ballast powered by the output DC voltage from the protection circuit to enable a lamp in the fixture to be illuminated during normal operation. An emergency back-up DC ballast circuit includes a battery charged to a charged DC voltage by the output DC voltage during the normal operation, and an emergency DC ballast powered by the charged DC voltage from the battery to enable the lamp in the fixture to be illuminated during emergency operation upon failure of the DC power supply.

Abstract: Electrical power is dynamically managed among one or more power sources and one or more loads. A plurality of monitor nodes is connected to an input terminal connected to each source, and to an output terminal connected to each load. A plurality of electrical power storage cells is connected among the input and output terminals, each cell being capable of storing power from at least one of the sources and being capable of discharging stored power to at least one of the loads. A plurality of controllable switches is connected to the cells. A programmed controller dynamically monitors operating conditions at the monitor nodes during operation of each source and each load, and selectively dynamically controls the switches to interconnect the cells in different circuit topologies in response to the monitored operating conditions.

Abstract: A high-efficiency ballast arrangement for a lighting fixture has an automatic polarity protection circuit for supplying an output DC voltage of constant polarity no matter in which orientation the fixture is mounted in a DC-powered suspended ceiling system having a DC power supply. A main DC ballast circuit includes a main DC ballast powered by the output DC voltage from the protection circuit to enable a lamp in the fixture to be illuminated during normal operation. An emergency back-up DC ballast circuit includes a battery charged to a charged DC voltage by the output DC voltage during the normal operation, and an emergency DC ballast powered by the charged DC voltage from the battery to enable the lamp in the fixture to be illuminated during emergency operation upon failure of the DC power supply.

Abstract: A ballast system for, and a method of, controlling illumination of a lamp, include a dimmer switch having an actuator settable at different settings corresponding to different output voltages across the dimmer switch, a dimming electronic ballast operatively connected to an electrical power source and to the dimmer switch for dimming the lamp upon setting of the actuator, and a shutdown circuit, preferably provided in the ballast, for measuring the output voltages across the dimmer switch, and for automatically powering the ballast off and, in turn, for turning the lamp off when one of the voltages measured by the shutdown circuit does not exceed a reference voltage that corresponds to one of the settings of the actuator.

Abstract: An adapter for a T12 fluorescent light fixture that is used to convert the fixture into a T5 or T8 fixture. The adapter includes a male input for receiving power supplied by the T12 ballast. The adapter has circuitry that adjusts the power supplied by the T12 ballast to parameters usable by a T5 or T8 fluorescent lamp. Also, the adapter includes a female output for outputting the usable power from the circuitry. The usable power drives the T5 or T8 fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: An emergency ballast for a fluorescent lamp includes a rechargeable battery. The emergency ballast also includes a circuit for receiving an electrical current and providing a recommended charging voltage to the battery. The electrical current is one of two amplitudes, and the circuit provides a charge to the battery without regard to the amplitude of the electrical current. The first amplitude of the electrical current can be 120 volts, and the second amplitude can be 277 volts. The emergency ballast includes a capacitor electrically coupled to the circuit that provides an additional voltage to the rechargeable battery when the electrical current is 120 volts. The emergency ballast also includes a switch for electrically decoupling the capacitor from the circuit when the electrical current is 277 volts.

Abstract: A ballast for a lamp has a battery that provides direct current in response to a loss of power. The ballast has a conversion circuit that is configured to receive the direct current from the battery and convert it into alternating current that is provided to a lamp. The alternating current is substantially sinusoidal, and has a current crest factor of 1.7 or less. The conversion circuit can use a push-pull topology. The ballast can also include a cathode-heating circuit for pre-heating a cathode associated with the lamp. The cathode-heating circuit pre-heats a cathode of the lamp by increasing the current output of the conversion circuit. The ballast can also include circuitry for converting mains power to power appropriate to illuminate the lamp.