Abstract: Methods and apparatus for accessing the peritoneal cavity and for ligation of fallopian tubes. A representative method includes using an endoscope to orally access a gastric wall. The gastric wall is punctured to provide access to a peritoneal cavity. The endoscope is advanced into the peritoneal cavity through the puncture. A fallopian tube is located and ligated. The endoscope is removed.

Abstract: An implantation device for releasably holding implantable microstimulators can be used to guide one or more microstimulators to any site within the gastrointestinal tract for implantation. The device can further releasably hold one or more ligation clips for securing the one or more microstimulators in place within the implantation site(s) and/or for closing an incision in which a microstimulator is implanted. The device can be employed using open, laparoscopic, and endoscopic techniques.

Abstract: A feeding tube apparatus is shown, with self propelled features that provide for placement in the postpyloric region of a patient.

Abstract: An adjustable size balloon at the distal end of a feeding tube is used to aid in positioning, along with an endoscope, the tube in the jejunum or small bowel of a patient, without creating an obstruction in the intestines. The balloon is fully inflated when the endoscope that is used to place the tube in the duodenum is withdrawn, and then partially deflated to a size that allows peristaltic action on the balloon to move the tube into the jejunum, after which the balloon is further deflated to avoid creating an obstruction in the intestine.

Abstract: A cryoprobe instrument for endoscopic use has been provided that permits the delivery of liquid or gaseous cryogens in the form of a spray. In an embodiment, the cryoprobe instrument includes an elongated, flexible tube having a fluid passage defined therethrough; a proximal connector portion provided at the proximal end of the tube for coupling the tube to a pressurized source of cryogenic refrigerant; and a nozzle tip mounted to the distal end of the tube. The nozzle tip has an outlet orifice constructed and arranged such that through the Joule-Thompson effect, cryogenic refrigerant exiting through the outlet orifice rapidly and substantially expands and cools.

Abstract: A method, composition and kit for effecting hemostasis of a bleeding point and/or dissociating an adherent blood clot at a lesion site on an internal organ, include a composition comprising hydrogen peroxide and surfactant. The composition is applied to the site thereby effecting hemostasis and clot dissociation and clearing the field for endoscopy.

Abstract: A stent, for example for maintaining the patency of a duct such as a biliary duct, is provided that includes a plurality of radially extending wings. The wings project from a core which has a guide wire or wire stylet lumen. Each of the wings preferably includes a plurality of minute, longitudinally extending grooves for bile flow even in the event of tumor ingrowth. Advantageously the core itself is preformed into a helical configuration.

Abstract: Direct injection of sphincteric botulinum toxin is disclosed as an effective, safe and simple method of treatment for disorders of gastrointestinal muscle or smooth muscles elsewhere in the body, with results that appear to be sustained for several months. Muscle disorders which are suitable for such treatment include achalasia, isolated disorders of the lower esophageal sphincter, gastroparesis, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, short-segment Hirschsprung's, anal fissure, hemorrhoids, proctalgia fugax, irritable bowel syndrome, disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter, vasospastic disorders, and disorders of uterine and bladder spasm. Devices suitable for delivering this therapy are also disclosed.

Abstract: A stent, for example for maintaining the patency of a duct such as a biliary duct, is provided that includes a plurality of radially extending wings. The wings project from a core which has a guide wire or wire stylet lumen. Each of the wings preferably includes a plurality of minute, longitudinally extending grooves for bile flow even in the event of tumor ingrowth. Advantageously the core itself is preformed into a helical configuration.

Abstract: Direct injection of sphincteric botulinum toxin is disclosed as an effective, safe and simple method of treatment for disorders of gastrointestinal muscle or smooth muscles elsewhere in the body, with results that appear to be sustained for several months. Muscle disorders which are suitable for such treatment include achalasia, isolated disorders of the lower esophageal sphincter, gastroparesis, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, short-segment Hirschsprung's, anal fissure, hemorrhoids, proctalgia fugax, irritable bowel syndrome, disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter, vasospastic disorders, and disorders of uterine and bladder spasm. Devices suitable for delivering this therapy are also disclosed.