Abstract: A cushioning and head-protecting liner insert for the inside of the shell in a helmet includes fore and aft cushioning elements each formed of an expanse of a non-springy, acceleration-rate-sensitive, viscoelastic material, with each element possessing, throughout, a uniform thickness which is the same as that possessed by the other element, and with the two elements having edges which are disposed edge-to-edge, but slightly spaced, adjacent one another along a single, continuous, arcuate, reverse-bend line which sweeps from one lateral side of the rear of the insert, at a location spaced laterally from the insert's fore-and-aft extending, laterally central plane, through and over the crown of the insert, to a mirror-image, spaced location on the opposite lateral side of the rear of the insert.

Abstract: A shock-absorbing, protective interface pad structure usable between the shell of a helmet and the head of a helmet wearer including (a) an acceleration-rate-sensitive, viscoelastic core structure made of a product having substantially the same characteristics as at least one of Confor CF-42 or Confor CF-45 manufactured by EAR Specialty Composites in Indianapolis, Ind., and (b) a water-moisture-blocking, bidirectionally gas-permeable barrier layer spray-applied to and fully enclosing the core structure, made of the a product having substantially the same characteristics as the product manufactured, and designated V-2000, by Russell Products Company, Inc. in Akron, Ohio.