Patents by Inventor Anthony T. Levas
Anthony T. Levas has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 11163763Abstract: A method, computer system, and computer program product for decision support is provided. The present invention may include receiving a problem case information and generating a query based on the problem case information. The present invention may also include generating a plurality of answers for the query using the question-answering module. The present invention may also include calculating numerical values for multiple evidence dimensions from evidence sources for each of the answers using the question-answering module and may further include calculating a corresponding confidence value for each of the answers based on the numerical value of each evidence dimension using the question-answering module. The present invention may also include outputting the generated answers, the corresponding confidence values, and the numerical values of each evidence dimension for one or more selected answers using the input/output module.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 2019Date of Patent: November 2, 2021Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, Anthony T. Levas, Erik T. Mueller
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Patent number: 10642874Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a data processing system for using paraphrase metrics for answering questions. The mechanism receives an input question and generating a candidate answer from a corpus of information. The candidate answer has a supporting passage from the corpus of information. The mechanism divides the input question into a first sequence of tokens and divides the supporting passage into a second sequence of tokens. The mechanism identifies a plurality of subsequences of tokens within the second sequence of tokens and applies a paraphrase metric to compare the first sequence of tokens to each of the plurality of subsequences of tokens to generate a plurality of paraphrase metric scores. The mechanism then determines a confidence score for the candidate answer based on a highest paraphrase metric score within the plurality of paraphrase metric scores.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2017Date of Patent: May 5, 2020Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Anthony T. Levas, James W. Murdock, IV, John M. Prager, Benjamin P. Segal, Timothy P. Winkler
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Publication number: 20200089677Abstract: A method, computer system, and computer program product for decision support is provided. The present invention may include receiving a problem case information and generating a query based on the problem case information. The present invention may also include generating a plurality of answers for the query using the question-answering module. The present invention may also include calculating numerical values for multiple evidence dimensions from evidence sources for each of the answers using the question-answering module and may further include calculating a corresponding confidence value for each of the answers based on the numerical value of each evidence dimension using the question-answering module. The present invention may also include outputting the generated answers, the corresponding confidence values, and the numerical values of each evidence dimension for one or more selected answers using the input/output module.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 25, 2019Publication date: March 19, 2020Inventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, Anthony T. Levas, Erik T. Mueller
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Patent number: 10515073Abstract: A decision-support system for medical diagnosis and treatment comprises software modules embodied on a computer readable medium, and the software modules comprise an input/output module and a question-answering module. The method receives patient case information using the input/output module, and generates a medical diagnosis or treatment query based on the patient case information and also generates a plurality of medical diagnosis or treatment answers for the query using the question-answering module. The method also calculates numerical values for multiple medical evidence dimensions from medical evidence sources for each of the answers using the question-answering module and also calculates a corresponding confidence value for each of the answers based on the numerical value of each evidence dimension using the question-answering module.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2017Date of Patent: December 24, 2019Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, Anthony T. Levas, Erik T. Mueller
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Patent number: 10168870Abstract: Annotations can be handled by a computer system that receives a query that specifies parameters for extraction of particular annotations from a set of annotations. Annotations include metadata that describes properties of the associated text fragment. A first entity subset, a second entity subset and a relations subset of annotations are extracted from an annotated text corpus. Contextual information relative to the extracted annotations is also extracted from the corpus. A user interface is generated to display frame elements that include the extracted annotations subsets and the extracted contextual information. In response to selections to the frame elements, the system receives input that specifies modifications to the annotations. Based on the input received, the set of annotations is modified in the annotated text corpus.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2016Date of Patent: January 1, 2019Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Branimir K. Boguraev, Anthony T. Levas
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Patent number: 9965971Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to question answering systems and methods and, particularly, to systems and methods for domain adaptation in question answering.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2015Date of Patent: May 8, 2018Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, David C. Gondek, Anthony T. Levas, Wlodek W. Zadrozny
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Publication number: 20180025127Abstract: A decision-support system for medical diagnosis and treatment comprises software modules embodied on a computer readable medium, and the software modules comprise an input/output module and a question-answering module. The method receives patient case information using the input/output module, and generates a medical diagnosis or treatment query based on the patient case information and also generates a plurality of medical diagnosis or treatment answers for the query using the question-answering module. The method also calculates numerical values for multiple medical evidence dimensions from medical evidence sources for each of the answers using the question-answering module and also calculates a corresponding confidence value for each of the answers based on the numerical value of each evidence dimension using the question-answering module.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 26, 2017Publication date: January 25, 2018Applicant: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, Anthony T. Levas, Erik T. Mueller
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Patent number: 9860308Abstract: Collaborative annotation of a document. A GUI is generated by a host computer that displays a document to annotate. The GUI is transmitted by the host computer to a plurality of client computers. Real time communication modes are established by the host computer between the client computers, each including communication channels between all the client computers. The host computer receives annotations entered into the GUIs at the client computers, each annotation identifying a span of words in the document to annotate and including an associated annotation type. The host computer updates the GUI to include for display the received annotations and inter-rater agreement statistics indicating the level of agreement between annotations received from each client computer and annotations received from the other client computers. The updated GUI is then transmitted by the host computer to the plurality of client computers.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 2014Date of Patent: January 2, 2018Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Suneil H. Berajawala, Anthony T. Levas, Siddharth A. Patwardhan, David D. Taieb
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Patent number: 9805613Abstract: A method for providing adaptation to a question answering (QA) system having an associated plurality of trace data and a question-answer set. The method includes submitting a set of questions to the QA system; receiving back from the QA system a set of answers; comparing the set of answers to answers in the question-answer set; and generating the plurality of trace data based on comparison, and an estimate of how much more training data is needed. The generating comprises (a) for each question type, successively sample an increasing number of question-answer pairs from the question-answer set; (b) automatically train the QA system using the sampled question-answer pairs; (c) automatically compute a functional dependence of the QA system performance on the remaining questions relative to the size of the sample; and (d) extrapolate from the functional dependence a number of training question-answer pairs of each question type.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2015Date of Patent: October 31, 2017Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, David C. Gondek, Anthony T. Levas, Wlodek W. Zadrozny
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Publication number: 20170270191Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a data processing system for using paraphrase metrics for answering questions. The mechanism receives an input question and generating a candidate answer from a corpus of information. The candidate answer has a supporting passage from the corpus of information. The mechanism divides the input question into a first sequence of tokens and divides the supporting passage into a second sequence of tokens. The mechanism identifies a plurality of subsequences of tokens within the second sequence of tokens and applies a paraphrase metric to compare the first sequence of tokens to each of the plurality of subsequences of tokens to generate a plurality of paraphrase metric scores. The mechanism then determines a confidence score for the candidate answer based on a highest paraphrase metric score within the plurality of paraphrase metric scores.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 8, 2017Publication date: September 21, 2017Inventors: Anthony T. Levas, James W. Murdock, John P. Prager, Benjamin P. Segal, Timothy P. Winkler
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Patent number: 9760260Abstract: Annotations can be handled by a computer system that receives a query that specifies parameters for extraction of particular annotations from a set of annotations. Annotations include metadata that describes properties of the associated text fragment. A first entity subset, a second entity subset and a relations subset of annotations are extracted from an annotated text corpus. Contextual information relative to the extracted annotations is also extracted from the corpus. A user interface is generated to display frame elements that include the extracted annotations subsets and the extracted contextual information. In response to selections to the frame elements, the system receives input that specifies modifications to the annotations. Based on the input received, the set of annotations is modified in the annotated text corpus.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2014Date of Patent: September 12, 2017Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Branimir K. Boguraev, Anthony T. Levas
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Patent number: 9684714Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a data processing system for using paraphrase metrics for answering questions. The mechanism receives an input question and generating a candidate answer from a corpus of information. The candidate answer has a supporting passage from the corpus of information. The mechanism divides the input question into a first sequence of tokens and divides the supporting passage into a second sequence of tokens. The mechanism identifies a plurality of subsequences of tokens within the second sequence of tokens and applies a paraphrase metric to compare the first sequence of tokens to each of the plurality of subsequences of tokens to generate a plurality of paraphrase metric scores. The mechanism then determines a confidence score for the candidate answer based on a highest paraphrase metric score within the plurality of paraphrase metric scores.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2014Date of Patent: June 20, 2017Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Anthony T. Levas, James W. Murdock, IV, John M. Prager, Benjamin P. Segal, Timothy P. Winkler
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Patent number: 9483731Abstract: In a method of answering questions and scoring answers, a title and at least one topical field are identified for a document. A field name and field content associated with the topical field is identified, and a title-oriented document is created by combining the title, the field name, and the field content associated with the topical field. For each title-oriented document, a term in the title is matched to previously established categories to produce a title concept identifier. The topical field is synthesized to produce a field concept identifier and a field content concept identifier. A question is received. The question topic term and the question content identifier are used to identify at least one question-matching relation instance. The title concept identifier of each question-matching relation instance is identified as a candidate answer to the question. Each candidate answer and a corresponding answer score is output.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 2012Date of Patent: November 1, 2016Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, Anthony T. Levas, Erik T. Mueller
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Patent number: 9454603Abstract: An apparatus includes a data processing system for generating and displaying a semantic type concordance. The data processing system includes memory storing a computer program, a display to display data of a concordance generated by the program, and a processor configured to execute the computer program. The computer program includes instructions for displaying a user interface configured to enable a user to select semantic types and specify at least one text document, generating a concordance of the at least one document based on the semantic types, and displaying data of the generated concordance on the display.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2010Date of Patent: September 27, 2016Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Branimir K. Boguraev, Youssef Drissi, David A. Ferrucci, Paul T. Keyser, Anthony T. Levas
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Publication number: 20160267145Abstract: Annotations can be handled by a computer system that receives a query that specifies parameters for extraction of particular annotations from a set of annotations. Annotations include metadata that describes properties of the associated text fragment. A first entity subset, a second entity subset and a relations subset of annotations are extracted from an annotated text corpus. Contextual information relative to the extracted annotations is also extracted from the corpus. A user interface is generated to display frame elements that include the extracted annotations subsets and the extracted contextual information. In response to selections to the frame elements, the system receives input that specifies modifications to the annotations. Based on the input received, the set of annotations is modified in the annotated text corpus.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 19, 2016Publication date: September 15, 2016Inventors: Branimir K. Boguraev, Anthony T. Levas
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Publication number: 20160179939Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a data processing system for using paraphrase metrics for answering questions. The mechanism receives an input question and generating a candidate answer from a corpus of information. The candidate answer has a supporting passage from the corpus of information. The mechanism divides the input question into a first sequence of tokens and divides the supporting passage into a second sequence of tokens. The mechanism identifies a plurality of subsequences of tokens within the second sequence of tokens and applies a paraphrase metric to compare the first sequence of tokens to each of the plurality of subsequences of tokens to generate a plurality of paraphrase metric scores. The mechanism then determines a confidence score for the candidate answer based on a highest paraphrase metric score within the plurality of paraphrase metric scores.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2014Publication date: June 23, 2016Inventors: Anthony T. Levas, James W. Murdock, IV, John M. Prager, Benjamin P. Segal, Timothy P. Winkler
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Publication number: 20160147399Abstract: Collaborative annotation of a document. A GUI is generated by a host computer that displays a document to annotate. The GUI is transmitted by the host computer to a plurality of client computers. Real time communication modes are established by the host computer between the client computers, each including communication channels between all the client computers. The host computer receives annotations entered into the GUIs at the client computers, each annotation identifying a span of words in the document to annotate and including an associated annotation type. The host computer updates the GUI to include for display the received annotations and inter-rater agreement statistics indicating the level of agreement between annotations received from each client computer and annotations received from the other client computers. The updated GUI is then transmitted by the host computer to the plurality of client computers.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 25, 2014Publication date: May 26, 2016Inventors: Suneil H. Berajawala, Anthony T. Levas, Siddharth A. Patwardhan, David D. Taieb
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Publication number: 20160147840Abstract: Annotations can be handled by a computer system that receives a query that specifies parameters for extraction of particular annotations from a set of annotations. Annotations include metadata that describes properties of the associated text fragment. A first entity subset, a second entity subset and a relations subset of annotations are extracted from an annotated text corpus. Contextual information relative to the extracted annotations is also extracted from the corpus. A user interface is generated to display frame elements that include the extracted annotations subsets and the extracted contextual information. In response to selections to the frame elements, the system receives input that specifies modifications to the annotations. Based on the input received, the set of annotations is modified in the annotated text corpus.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 21, 2014Publication date: May 26, 2016Inventors: Branimir K. Boguraev, Anthony T. Levas
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Patent number: 9299024Abstract: In a method of answering questions and scoring answers, a title and at least one topical field are identified for a document. A field name and field content associated with the topical field is identified, and a title-oriented document is created by combining the title, the field name, and the field content associated with the topical field. For each title-oriented document, a term in the title is matched to previously established categories to produce a title concept identifier. The topical field is synthesized to produce a field concept identifier and a field content concept identifier. A question is received. The question topic term and the question content identifier are used to identify at least one question-matching relation instance. The title concept identifier of each question-matching relation instance is identified as a candidate answer to the question. Each candidate answer and a corresponding answer score is output.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 2012Date of Patent: March 29, 2016Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, Anthony T. Levas, Erik T. Mueller
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Patent number: 9240128Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to question answering systems and methods and, particularly, to systems and methods for domain adaptation in question answering.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 2011Date of Patent: January 19, 2016Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Sugato Bagchi, David A. Ferrucci, David C. Gondek, Anthony T. Levas, Wlodek W. Zadrozny