Abstract: An Internet protocol query for Internet protocol private branch exchanges including a private branch exchange that is connected to the public switched telephone network for receiving a call setup request, the private branch exchange not being enabled for receiving calling name delivery information from a telecommunications circuit; at least one of an incumbent local exchange carrier switch and a competitive local exchange carrier switch in communication with the private branch exchange, the at least one of the incumbent local exchange carrier switch and the competitive local exchange carrier switch having the telecommunications circuit not enabled for calling name delivery information retrieval; a network in communication with the private branch exchange; and a calling name delivery database in communication with the network for receiving calling name delivery queries from the private branch exchange based on the call setup request. Methods for routing calls based on ENUM information is also included.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for providing fraud protection for purchases of goods and/or services. Embodiments of the fraud protection systems and methods include communicating with the owner of the financial account offered to pay for the goods and/or services during the purchase approval process to obtain authorization for the purchase from the payment account owner. Other embodiments include sending text messages to the account owner's wireless telephone to approve purchases made over the internet Still other embodiments include sending encrypted messages to the payment account owner, while other embodiments include receiving encrypted messages from the payment account owner. Further embodiment include evaluating whether an online purchase is being made from an IP address associated with the payment account's owner.

Abstract: An Internet protocol query for Internet protocol private branch exchanges including a private branch exchange that is connected to the public switched telephone network for receiving a call setup request, the private branch exchange not being enabled for receiving calling name delivery information from a telecommunications circuit; at least one of an incumbent local exchange carrier switch and a competitive local exchange carrier switch in communication with the private branch exchange, the at least one of the incumbent local exchange carrier switch and the competitive local exchange carrier switch having the telecommunications circuit not enabled for calling name delivery information retrieval; a network in communication with the private branch exchange; and a calling name delivery database in communication with the network for receiving calling name delivery queries from the private branch exchange based on the call setup request. Methods for routing calls based on ENUM information is also included.