Abstract: A piccolo includes a cylindrical headjoint with an embouchure, a stopper including an adjustable seal disposed in a free end of the cylindrical headjoint, and a conical body having tone holes. The tone holes include a single tone hole corresponding to c2 and an end tone hole at a free end of the conical body. The end tone hole is lower than the note d1 and extends at least to the note c1.

Abstract: A piccolo includes a cylindrical headjoint with an embouchure, a stopper including an adjustable seal disposed in a free end of the cylindrical headjoint, and a conical body having tone holes. The tone holes include a single tone hole corresponding to c2 and an end tone hole at a free end of the conical body. The end tone hole is lower than the note d1 and extends at least to the note c1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical or dental-medical treatment instrument (1) having a media line, in particular for water or spray, extending from its rearward end to its forward end region, in which line an exchangeable filter element (21) is arranged. In order to reduce the flow resistance of the filter element (21), while providing a small cross-sectional size, the filter element (21) has the form of a sleeve and the direction of passage of the medium is directed transversely to the sleeve wall (21a).

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical or dental-medical treatment instrument (1) having a media line, in particular for water or spray, extending from its rearward end to its forward end region, in which line an exchangeable filter element (21) is arranged. In order to reduce the flow resistance of the filter element (21), while providing a small cross-sectional size, the filter element (21) has the form of a sleeve and the direction of passage of the medium is directed transversely to the sleeve wall (21a).

Abstract: An expansion joint and seal for an expansion joint for use in structures where the joint has an intersection uses a seal with a solid thick keel extending along a lower edge of a central portion in an area of the intersection. The keel commences in a transition area between a conventional seal and the intersection. The seal increases in depth as the intersection is approached until it reaches a maximum depth at a mid point of the intersection. The keel minimizes distortion from racking during expansion or contraction of the joint. The seal is shaped to enable debris to be easily removed.

Abstract: A control system for a variable stroke free piston engine, sets the ignition timing as a function of measured piston velocity. This velocity proportional ignition system provides spark advance on a stroke by stroke basis as an aid to starting the engine. Ignition changes over to a piston position based system when the engine is running at steady state. Fuel injection occurs at either piston dead point or is set as a function of piston position. Fuel injection is suppressed during cycles were the ports are not uncovered. The control system can also regulate compression ratio based upon piston position or knock sensor data. The preferred control system includes a hybrid digital analog system which includes a microprocessor.

Abstract: A fuel injector for injecting gaseous fuel into an internal combustion engine. The injector includes an electromagnetic control valve which controls the admission of actuation gas to a metering valve assembly. The metering valve incorporates a positive mechanical stop to limit valve lift. The force to open the metering valve is supplied by the actuation gas.

Abstract: A compact free piston engine of the unsymmetrical type including a structure with a cylinder detachably supported therein, said cylinder having a pair of pistons with a combustion chamber therebetween and each piston having a rod extending through the adjacent end of the cylinder and having motion reversing means at one end of said cylinder and extending between said rods. Preferably, the structure is of strong but lightweight construction. It may have a skeleton type of housing with bolt type columns spaced around the cylinder. Portions of the reversing means lie along the side of the cylinder while another major portion thereof lies beyond one end of the cylinder. An energy absorbing device or devices may be connected to one only or to each of the rods, and each rod will be driven simultaneously in an opposite direction to the other by both pistons.

Abstract: An unsymmetrical and balanced free piston engine of economical construction in which the engine cylinder requires no liner. A housing surrounding the cylinder is opened for cylinder machining and is adapted for space-saving vertical mounting. It has an open-sided base portion through which an engine piston may be installed and removed for servicing, which lowers the initial cost of manufacturing and the later cost of maintenance, as compared with earlier engines of the same engine type.

Abstract: This invention is a multi-stage compressor embodying a stepped piston in a stepped cylinder and connected through a coaxial rod to the piston of an engine. Control means in a passageway or a conduit extending from the second or third stage discharge of the compressor or any other source of pressure to a single bounce chamber, responds to pressure in the bounce chamber to increase or reduce gas pressure in the chamber, to balance the energy and work quantities acting in opposite directions to provide optimimum operation of the compressor at varying pressures.

Abstract: An arrangement for the carrying of dental implements, consisting of a carrying plate arranged on a supporting member, and which has one side facing upwardly including positioning elements provided for the implements on the upwardly facing plate side thereof. The dental implements which are located on the support plate can consist of hand instruments, for example, probes, mirror, tamping instruments, pincettes or the like. Furthermore, the implements can also be formed of cotton receptacles, medication flasks, waste receptacles, as well as worktool, handpiece and anglepiece supports. The positioning elements for the implements can be arranged directly on the carrying plate or also in flat trays, or can even be formed by the flat trays themselves.

Abstract: A free piston engine includes speed control means which provide a wide range of engine speed control for selective connection and use of the engine with any one of a number of different types of energy absorbing devices. The desired control is achieved by use of two bounce chambers and a double-acting bounce piston unit specifically located at an intermediate position along the axis of reciprocation of the piston rod assembly of such an engine, i.e. between a power piston at one end of the piston rod and a connecting means at the other piston rod end for driving connection of the piston rod assembly with a movable member (e.g. reciprocating compressor piston or reciprocating electric generator member) of the selected energy absorbing device. The control means further includes at least one pair of variably adjustable bounce chamber pressure control valves (one for each bounce chamber).

Abstract: A bellows seal apparatus for use in compressors or the like which has pump means arranged and controlled to maintain a desired pressure differential between the inside and outside surfaces of the bellows. It also has a driving mechanism having a connection with a movable end of the bellows and an additional connection or connections with said bellows at unequally spaced points intermediate to the ends of the bellows to provide the least maximum stress levels in the bellows convolutions of each and thus the maximum life expectancy for the seal. The driving mechanism may take many forms but is so designed that it will elongate and contract each section of the bellows a distance depending upon the dynamically caused stresses in each section and the composition of and the number of bellows convolutions in each section.

Abstract: A hermetic seal, primarily for compressors for use in refrigeration or air conditioning systems but having use in apparatus wherein a seal is required between two elements reciprocating substantial distances relative to each other, comprising a bellows having a plurality of sections of convolutions with positive displacement means associated therewith that assures simultaneous movement of most of the convolutions upon rapid acceleration of relative movement between the two elements. This prevents excess stress and strain on any one or more convolutions, or on the end convolutions in particular, that could cause failure thereof by distributing the stress over a large number of the convolutions rather than just a few at any one instant. The stress in each convolution of the bellows depends upon the natural frequency and spring rates of any given bellows diameter and number of convolutions.

Abstract: A heat pump, driven by a free piston engine, wherein a refrigeration type of heat transfer unit is used and no externally energized electric motors are required but could be used, if desired. The engine is larger in horsepower than would be required for driving the compressor of the unit only, as it also provides power for driving one or more gas driven or other motors for forcing air through heat exchangers. This arrangement requires substantially less total energy than a unit requiring external electrical energy for operating portions of the heat pumps in that the extra heat in the exhaust from the larger horsepower engine is utilized in a heat exchanger to supply extra heat to the space being heated by the heat pump's primary heat supplier.

Abstract: A linear type of compressor wherein a housing section, for enclosing a crankshaft and pinions of a counterbalancing synchronizer, has axially extending support means for the pinions formed integrally therewith through an inner flange also integral with the housing section, so that the holes for the pinion shafts may be formed in the support means when the hole in the housing for the crankshaft is formed. This assures the making of all of the holes exactly parallel and avoids time-consuming assembly work, experienced in prior art compressor manufacturing, when the housing sections are put together. By providing a large opening through the upper portion of the support means or through the bottom of the housing an axial bore may be made to receive a piston type of crosshead.

Abstract: A compact fluid compressor embodying a housing formed of a plurality of stacked sections with relatively large fluid flow passageways cast therein and wherein the overall outline of the compressor's housing is substantially rectangular. This arrangement eliminates numerous external piping and the connections needed therefor, found in prior art compressors, and provides a lightweight and good appearing compressor as well as a highly efficient one. The small size, considering the horse power thereof, is due in part to the utilization therein of the Braun mechanism, a counterbalancing and anti-vibration drive mechanism between the power means and the compressor piston or pistons, which mechanism is fully disclosed in Braun U.S. Pat. No. 3,861,222. Even in the two-stage embodiment of the compressor, an inter-cooler, an after-cooler and an inlet fluid (air) filter lie within the above-mentioned outline.

Abstract: A free piston engine having a pair of opposed power cylinders and pistons on a common longitudinal axis with an energy absorbing device, such as a compressor piston, being directly connected to one of the power pistons and indirectly connected to the other power piston by means of a motion reversing, synchronizing and counterbalancing mechanism on said axis. The cylinders are arranged to be fired simultaneously and due to the face that the forces from the power pistons acting on the reversing mechanism are balanced, the forces on the bearings in the mechanism are substantially reduced over those occurring in machines having cylinders that fire 180.degree. out of phase, which results in a minimum of wear and higher efficiency due to the reduced friction. The engine can also have a bounce chamber therein which gives better control and more stable operation of the power pistons than found in engines with alternately acting pairs of power pistons which do not require power piston returning means.

Abstract: A two-cycle free piston engine which is adapted to burn various types of fuel but is particularly adapted to burn gaseous fuel. It introduces the fuel through at least one hole in the side wall of at least one cylinder at a location inwardly of the cylinder air intake and exhaust ports so as to be closed by the power piston at a time or position before the compression pressure in the power cylinder is equal to the injection pressure and also not before the valving system has interrupted the fuel flow. This advantageously keeps the fuel admission controls out of the hottest portion of the cylinder's combustion chamber, gives safer and better mixing of fuel and air and prevents blow back of fuel in the fuel supply line.The fuel admission is preferably started shortly before or after the air intake port is closed, but before the exhaust port is closed and not earlier than is sufficient to prevent the first fuel particles entering the cylinder from escaping through the exhaust port.

Abstract: A machine drive mechanism between a power unit and an energy absorbing unit, such as a compressor unit. The power unit may be connected to a crosshead carrying a pair of spaced and inwardly facing racks or to a double rack member and the compressor unit may be connected to one end of a piston-like guide and seal member which, in turn, is pivotally connected to one end of the double rack or the pair of spaced racks. The double rack extends between a pair of pinion gears mounted on fixed shafts and operably engaging the spaced racks and the double rack. When the power unit is directly connected to the energy absorbing device, the spaced racks merely serve as counterbalancing means. The power unit may also be connected by a relatively long unpivoted shaft to the energy absorbing unit either directly or through the racks by a connection providing transverse flexing movement between the double rack and the shaft.