Abstract: A DC-DC converter includes an output-side storage capacitor arrangement which has a parallel circuit formed of an electrolytic capacitor, a ceramic capacitor and a circuit arrangement. The circuit arrangement has a series circuit formed of a hybrid electrolytic capacitor and a suppressor diode as well as a resistance connected in parallel with the hybrid electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter includes an output-side storage capacitor arrangement which has a parallel circuit formed of an electrolytic capacitor, a ceramic capacitor and a circuit arrangement. The circuit arrangement has a series circuit formed of a hybrid electrolytic capacitor and a suppressor diode as well as a resistance connected in parallel with the hybrid electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: An electronic module with reduced electromagnetic interference radiation includes a multilayer printed circuit board having an electrically conductive outer layer and at least one electrically conductive inner layer, an electronic component, a heat sink and a plurality of thermal plated-through holes. The electronic component is disposed on and electrically connected to the outer layer. The heat sink is thermally connected to the multilayer printed circuit board by an electrical insulation layer. Heat generated during operation of the electronic component can be dissipated to the heat sink through the plurality of thermal plated-through holes. The plurality of thermal plated-through holes do not have an electrical connection to the outer layer.

Abstract: An electronic module with reduced electromagnetic interference radiation includes a multilayer printed circuit board having an electrically conductive outer layer and at least one electrically conductive inner layer, an electronic component, a heat sink and a plurality of thermal plated-through holes. The electronic component is disposed on and electrically connected to the outer layer. The heat sink is thermally connected to the multilayer printed circuit board by an electrical insulation layer. Heat generated during operation of the electronic component can be dissipated to the heat sink through the plurality of thermal plated-through holes. The plurality of thermal plated-through holes do not have an electrical connection to the outer layer.

Abstract: A method for driving an inductive actuator having an actuating element and an actuator coil, includes initially acting on the actuator coil with a voltage having a first value in order to move the actuating element counter to a spring force and acting on the actuator coil with a voltage having a greater, second value at the beginning of the movement of the actuating element. The second voltage value is selected in dependence on how quickly the actuating element is intended to be moved.

Abstract: A method for driving an inductive actuator having an actuating element and an actuator coil, includes initially acting on the actuator coil with a voltage having a first value in order to move the actuating element counter to a spring force and acting on the actuator coil with a voltage having a greater, second value at the beginning of the movement of the actuating element. The second voltage value is selected in dependence on how quickly the actuating element is intended to be moved.

Abstract: A method for actuating a solenoid valve generates precise opening and closing times of the solenoid valve. To this end, an actuating current provided for actuating the solenoid valve and applied to an actuating coil of the solenoid valve is already reducing in a reduction phase prior to a switch-off point in time of the solenoid valve relative to a maintained level of the actuating current, at which the solenoid valve is reliably held in an actuating position.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an injection valve. A device for recording an instant at which injection starts in the injection valve includes a differentiating device connected to the injection valve for receiving current through the injection valve and emitting an output signal corresponding to a second derivative of a variation in current with respect to time. A threshold value stage is connected to the differentiating device for receiving the output signal and generating a threshold signal whenever the output signal exceeds a threshold value. A logic device is connected to the threshold value stage for recognizing the instant at which injection starts when the threshold signal occurs for a second time after a triggering instant of the injection valve.

Abstract: A correction factor K for the transition correction of the quantity of fuel to be injected on acceleration or deceleration depends upon a pressure change in the intake pipe .DELTA.p which lies in a characteristic field depending on the throttle valve position .alpha. and the rotation speed n.