Abstract: The invention relates to a packing assembly for a material exchange column, comprising at least one structured packing plate and a container in which the at least one structured packing plate is arranged. The at least one structured packing plate has packing packets. Each packing packet has interconnected packing sheets. The packing sheets are corrugated and have corrugation peaks and corrugation valleys. Adjacent packing sheets contact each other at the corrugation peaks. Additional corrugated packing sheets are added between the packing packets such that the at least one packing plate is pretensioned against the container in a radial direction thereof. Both the corrugated packing sheets of the packing packets as well as the additional corrugated packing sheet added between the packing packets are arranged solely on a common preferred plane or parallel thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packing assembly for a material exchange column, comprising at least one structured packing plate and a container in which the at least one structured packing plate is arranged. The at least one structured packing plate has packing packets. Each packing packet has interconnected packing sheets. The packing sheets are corrugated and have corrugation peaks and corrugation valleys. Adjacent packing sheets contact each other at the corrugation peaks. Additional corrugated packing sheets are added between the packing packets such that the at least one packing plate is pretensioned against the container in a radial direction thereof. Both the corrugated packing sheets of the packing packets as well as the additional corrugated packing sheet added between the packing packets are arranged solely on a common preferred plane or parallel thereto.

Abstract: A device for introducing fluid medium into a container, the device including a container for receiving the medium and a pipeline for introducing the medium into the interior of the container. The pipeline has a pipeline section arranged in the interior of the container having a hollow cylindrical casing that extends along a cylinder axis of the pipeline section. The casing has an opening on a lower face that faces downward for introducing the fluid medium into the interior of the container. The opening includes two first edge portions extending along the cylinder axis and two opposing arc-shaped second edge portions that connect the two first edge portions to each other. A plate-shaped impact element is fixed to the casing and arranged below the opening so that the fluid medium that flows out of the opening strikes the impact element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a temperature distribution in a heat exchanger, in which an actual temperature distribution in the heat exchanger is measured by means of at least one optical waveguide arranged in the heat exchanger, in particular in the form of a glass fiber, light being launched into the optical waveguide and light that is scattered in the optical waveguide being evaluated for determining the actual temperature distribution, and at least one flow of a fluid medium that is carried in the heat exchanger being controlled in such a way that the actual temperature distribution is made to approximate a pre-defined target temperature distribution. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out a method for controlling a temperature distribution in a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A device for introducing fluid medium into a container, the device including a container for receiving the medium and a pipeline for introducing the medium into the interior of the container. The pipeline has a pipeline section arranged in the interior of the container having a hollow cylindrical casing that extends along a cylinder axis of the pipeline section. The casing has an opening on a lower face that faces downward for introducing the fluid medium into the interior of the container. The opening includes two first edge portions extending along the cylinder axis and two opposing arc-shaped second edge portions that connect the two first edge portions to each other. A plate-shaped impact element is fixed to the casing and arranged below the opening so that the fluid medium that flows out of the opening strikes the impact element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a temperature distribution in a heat exchanger, in which an actual temperature distribution in the heat exchanger is measured by means of at least one optical waveguide arranged in the heat exchanger, in particular in the form of a glass fibre, light being launched into the optical waveguide and light that is scattered in the optical waveguide being evaluated for determining the actual temperature distribution, and at least one flow of a fluid medium that is carried in the heat exchanger being controlled in such a way that the actual temperature distribution is made to approximate a pre-defined target temperature distribution. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out a method for controlling a temperature distribution in a heat exchanger.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transportable package with a cold box, in the interior of which at least one double column of a low-temperature air separation system is arranged, i.e., a double column having a high-pressure column and a low-pressure column. The high-pressure and low-pressure columns contain mass transferring elements. The mass transferring elements in at least one sub-region of the low-pressure columns are formed by an ordered packing made of folded metal sheets having a thickness of 0.2 mm or less. The ordered packing has a specified surface area of at least 1000 m2/m3. At least in a sub-region of the high-pressure column, the mass transferring elements are formed by rectifying plates arranged one over the other and which have a clearance of less than 195 mm. The invention further relates to a method for producing a low-temperature air separation system using such a transportable package.

Abstract: The invention relates to a column (1), with a section (9), in which a filling (10) is arranged in the form of a large number of fillers or a packing, a liquid distributor (100) for distributing a liquid (F) on that filling (10), a distribution space (101) of the liquid distributor (100), via which the liquid (F) can be distributed to that filling (10) of the column (1). According to the invention, it is provided that in the distribution space (101) of the liquid distributor (100), an additional means (20) is arranged, which forms a large number of passages (21) for the liquid (F) that is to be distributed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rolled heat exchanger with several pipes that are wound around a central pipe, with a casing that delimits an external space around the pipes and with a liquid distributor for distributing liquid in the external space. According to the invention, the liquid distributor is designed as a pipe manifold that has a main channel (21) and several distributing arms (22) that are flow-connected to the main channel (21).

Abstract: A column for mass exchange between a liquid and a gas includes at least one pair of adjacent exchange plates, formed by an upper exchange plate and a lower exchange plate. The column also includes a drain shaft for passing liquid between the upper exchange plate and the lower exchange plate, and a recessed inlet cup located underneath a bottom end of the drain shaft. The bottom of the inlet cup is recessed relative to the surface of the lower exchange plate. The recessed inlet cup extends over only one part of the cross-section of the bottom end of the drain shaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rolled heat exchanger comprising several pipes wound around a central pipe, a casing delimiting the external space around the pipes and a liquid distributor for distributing liquid in the external space. According to the invention, the liquid distributor is embodied in the form of a pipe manifold comprising a main channel (21) and several distributing arms (22) which are fluidically connected thereto.

Abstract: A column for mass exchange between a liquid and a gas includes at least one pair of adjacent exchange plates, formed by an upper exchange plate and a lower exchange plate. The column also includes a drain shaft for passing liquid between the upper exchange plate and the lower exchange plate, and a recessed inlet cup located underneath a bottom end of the drain shaft. The bottom of the inlet cup is recessed relative to the surface of the lower exchange plate. The recessed inlet cup extends over only one part of the cross-section of the bottom end of the drain shaft.

Abstract: The invention concerns a fluid-distributor for a substance-exchange column, the fluid-distributor comprising at least one main duct and a plurality of distributor ducts. The distributor ducts are connected for flow purposes to the main duct and are provided with fluid-discharge openings. In order to attain particularly high-quality distribution, the effective length (L) of the fluid-discharge openings is smaller than their diameter (D).

Abstract: In the process for the low temperature separation of air, purified and cooled air is fed into a distillation system comprising at least one rectification column and there is rectified by a counter-current material exchange between a vapor and a liquid phase. The material exchange in at least one section in at least one rectification column is brought about by a packing having a specific surface area of at least 1000 m.sup.2 /m.sup.3.

Abstract: In recovering pure argon product, air is separated in a rectification system, comprising at least one air separating column (9), a crude argon column (17) and a pure argon column (25). A crude argon fraction (24) is withdrawn from the crude argon column (17) and introduced at an intermediate locality into the pure argon column (25). The head of the pure argon column (25) is cooled by indirect heat exchange (29). From the pure argon column (25) a residual fraction (31) containing essentially nitrogen is withdrawn overhead and from the bottom a pure argon fraction (26) is withdrawn. The mass transfer in the pure argon column (25) is brought about at least in part by a packing (33, 34).

Abstract: An apparatus and process for cryogenic separation of air are described which utilize a pipe distributor or a channel distributor for liquid distribution. The air separation apparatus contains a rectifying column having at least one section equipped with packing materials, wherein a liquid distributor is positioned thereabove. The main channel and/or the distributing channels of the liquid distributor are closed over at least a portion of their top. Also described is a liquid distributor for use in a mass transfer column.