Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous treatment of silicon in which a slag in a pivotable low-shaft furnace (1) with a discharge pipe (4) reaching the bottom of the furnace tank is taken to a temperature of 1450.degree. to 1800.degree. C. and this slag is used to melt solid silicon and/or liquid silicon is continuously refined and the liquid refined silicon is then sprayed with compressed air or nitrogen (7) and continuously conveyed into a transport crucible (11) by being poured into a stream of water (9) in the channel (8) via a dewatering filter (10) and thus obtained in granular form. The invention also relates to devices for implementing the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for desulphurizing iron with minimal slag formation, comprising the steps of melting and heating, to a temperature of about 1400.degree. to 1800.degree. C., a slag having the following chemical composition:20% max SIO.sub.2 ;30% max/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;about 5-40% SiO.sub.2 +Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +TiO.sub.2 combined;2% max FeO;1.5% max MnO;about 25-65% CaO+MgO+BaO+Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O;20% max MgO;10% max Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O;60% max CaF.sub.2 ;about 50-85% CaO+MgO+BaO+Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O+CaF.sub.2 ;percentages by weight; where the ratio of the percentage by weight of CaO plus MgO divided by the percentage by weight of SiO.sub.2 plus one-half Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is at least two and where the ratio of the percentage by weight of Na.sub.2 O plus K.sub.2 O to SiO.sub.2 is no more than one; then mixing the sulphur-containing hot metal with this bath of molten slag so as not to exceed 10 parts molten iron per part slag by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating elemental silicon and ferrosilicon with slag having the following analytical composition:______________________________________ K.sub.2 O from 2 to 13% by weight Na.sub.2 O from 0 to 2% by weight .SIGMA. K.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O from 2 to 13% by weight SiO.sub.2 from 45 to 72% by weight Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 0 to 30% by weight .SIGMA. SiO.sub.2 + Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 60 to 78% by weight CaO from 0 to 30% by weight MgO from 0 to 30% by weight .SIGMA. CaO + MgO from 15 to 30% by weight CaF.sub.2 from 0 to 10% by weight MgF.sub.2 from 0 to 10% by weight .SIGMA. CaF.sub.2 + MgF.sub.2 from 0 to 10% by weight .SIGMA. CaO + MgO + CaF.sub.2 + MgF.sub.2 from 15 to 30 % by weight ______________________________________and impurities resulting from the raw materials.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pre-melted, basic welding powder for the submerged arc welding process which consists of preparing two components, one component containing substantially oxidic compounds and maximally 5% by weight of fluoridic compounds, and the other component containing substantially fluoridic compounds and maximally 5% by weight of oxidic compounds, with the total of oxidic and fluoridic compounds corresponding to the desired analytical composition of the powder. Each of the two compounds are melted separately and, the premelted components are cooled. The cooled product is then ground to the desired grain size and thereafter mixed. The welding powders according to the invention are distinguished by a particularly low moisture content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of basic slags for the electroslag remelting process, with the oxidic components corresponding to the desired composition, which may have a fluoridic content of not more than 5% by weight, and the fluoridic components corresponding to the desired composition, which may have an oxidic content of not more than 5% by weight, being melted separately. The slags manufactured according to the invention have a particularly low moisture content.

Abstract: A casting powder for the continuous casting of steel on the basis of silicate slags having the chemical analysis______________________________________ 25-45% by wt. of SiO.sub.2 20-45% by wt. of CaO 1-16% by wt. of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.1-15% by wt. of MgO 0.1-1.5% by wt. of FeO (20-45.1% by wt. of CaO + MgO) 0.05-10% by wt. of TiO.sub.2 3-15% by wt. of Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 0.05-10% by wt. of MnO 0-7% by wt. of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 3-10% by wt. of bound F ______________________________________which may as well include impurities from the raw materials. The slag is premelted, foamed to a bulk weight of 0.5 to 1.4 kg/l, preferably 0.8-1.2 kg/l and coated superficially with a layer of 1.5 to 15% by weight, preferably 2 to 6%, of carbon black and/or graphite with the aid of an appropriate adhesive.

Abstract: A process of melting down and purifying silicon, which comprises melting silicon in at least half of the amount up to double of the amount of a silicate melt heated by resistance heating up to a temperature of at least 1,420.degree. C., said melt consisting of 2-30% by weight of calcium oxide, 5-35% by weight of magnesium oxide, wherein the sum of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide will be 15-38% by weight, 0.5-28% by weight of aluminum oxide and 45-70% by weight of silicon dioxide, and wherein, to the melt are added at least 0.29% by weight of elementary and/or chemically bound copper, preferably 0.50-3% by weight, calculated on the silicon amount.

Abstract: Molten basic welding fluxes low in manganese and having low moisture sensitivity composed as follows: 10 - 18 % by weight of SiO.sub.2 15 - 25 % by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.1 - 2.0 % by weight of FeO and/or Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 0 - 8 % by weight of TiO.sub.2 0 - 3 % by weight of MnO 1 - 8 % by weight of CaO 0 - 4 % by weight of BaO 16 - 33 % by weight of MgO 0 - 2 % by weight of Na.sub.2 O and/or K.sub.2 O 0 - 8 % by weight of ZrO.sub.2 15 - 28 % by weight of CaF.sub.2 0 - 1 % by weight of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 1 - 8 % by weight of CaO + BaO 25 - 37 % by weight of CaO + BaO + MgO 12 - 22 % by weight of SiO.sub.2 + TiO.sub.2.The invention also relates to a process of making the fluxes. The welding fluxes according to the invention have considerably improved welding properties.