Abstract: Embodiments herein disclose systems and methods for enabling new types (referred to as existent types), that allow for expressing additional possible values and, thereby, eliminating out-of-bounds access errors in programming. In addition to the value “null” as supported by many programming languages, embodiments herein introduce a new special or reserved value to represent an out-of-bounds access. In an exemplary embodiment, a special “undefined” value or memory address, which is distinct from “null”, that exclusively describes out-of-bounds accesses is defined. The implementation includes but is not limited to value checks, bounds checks, and container-level implementations.

Abstract: Embodiments herein disclose systems and methods for enabling new types (referred to as existent types), that allow for expressing additional possible values and, thereby, eliminating out-of-bounds access errors in programming. In addition to the value “null” as supported by many programming languages, embodiments herein introduce a new special or reserved value to represent an out-of-bounds access. In an exemplary embodiment, a special “undefined” value or memory address, which is distinct from “null”, that exclusively describes out-of-bounds accesses is defined. The implementation includes but is not limited to value checks, bounds checks, and container-level implementations.