Abstract: The disclosure provides compounds of Formula I, which may be useful as aldehyde de-hydrogenase inhibitors and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The variables, J, R4, G, Q, and ring A are defined herein. Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors of Formula I are useful for treating a variety of conditions including cancer and inflammation The disclosure includes methods for using compounds and salts of Formula I to treat colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, brain tumorsbreast cancer, atherosclerosis, ischaemic heart disease, acne vulgaris, asthma, autoimmune diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, chronic prostatitis, glomerulonephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, reperfusion injury, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, transplant rejection, vasculitis, and interstitial cystitis.

Abstract: Methods for generating multipotent radial glia-like cells and astrocyte-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells are provided along with the related compositions.

Abstract: The disclosure provides compounds of Formula I, which may be useful as aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The variables, J, R4, G, Q, and ring A are defined herein. Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors of Formula I are useful for treating a variety of conditions including cancer and inflammation. The disclosure includes methods for using compounds and salts of Formula I to treat colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, brain tumors breast cancer, atherosclerosis, ischaemic heart disease, acne vulgaris, asthma, autoimmune diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, chronic prostatitis, glomerulonephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, reperfusion injury, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, transplant rejection, vasculitis, and interstitial cystitis.

Abstract: Methods for Generating Neural Crest-Like Cells and Nociceptor-Like Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells are Provided Along with the Related Compositions.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of formula (I) in which Ar1, R1, U, V, W, X, and p are as described herein. Also provided are methods of using a compound of formula (I), including a method of treating cancer, a method of treating a patient with cancer cells resistant to an anti-cancer agent, and a method of inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and/or lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) activity in a cell.

Abstract: Human lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of iron-containing enzymes involved in catalyzing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to provide the corresponding bioactive hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) metabolites. These eicosanoid signaling molecules are involved in a number of physiologic responses such as platelet aggregation, inflammation, and cell proliferation. Platelet-type 12-(S)-LOX (12-LOX) is of particular interest because of its demonstrated role in skin diseases, diabetes, platelet hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Disclosed herein is the identification and medicinal chemistry optimization of a 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)benzenesulfonamide-based scaffold. The compounds display nM potency against 12-LOX and excellent selectivity over related lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. In addition to possessing favorable ADME properties, the compounds also inhibit PAR-4 induced aggregation and calcium mobilization in human platelets, and reduce 12-HETE in mouse/human beta cells.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of formula (I), in which Ar1, R1, U, V, W, X, and p are as described herein. Also provided are methods of using a compound of formula (I), including a method of treating cancer, a method of treating a patient with cancer cells resistant to an anti-cancer agent, and a method of inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and/or lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) activity in a cell.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for culturing mammalian cells, tissues and/or organs are provided. The compositions contain Chroman 1 or its derivatives, may further include Emricasan or its derivatives, and may further include one or both of trans-ISRIB and polyamines. The compositions may be formulated as media additives, media concentrates or working media. The compositions and methods may be used to culture stem cells, progenitor cells, differentiated cells, isolated primary cells, secondary cells, immortalized cells, cell line cells, germline cells, somatic cells, or modified cells, including genetically modified cells. The compositions and methods may be used to culture, preserve or maintain cells, tissues, organs parts or organs, grow embryoid bodies, embryos, organs or organ parts.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of formula (I)[Formula (I) should be inserted here], in which Ar1, R1, U, V, W, X, and p are as described herein. Also provided are methods of using a compound of formula (I), including a method of treating cancer, a method of treating a patient with cancer cells resistant to an anti-cancer agent, and a method of inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and/or lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) activity in a cell.

Abstract: There is provided compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, wherein W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2 and R3 have meanings provided in the description, which compounds are useful in the treatment of cancers.

Abstract: The disclosure provides compounds of Formula I, which may be useful as aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The variables, J, R4, G, Q, and ring A are defined herein. Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors of Formula I are useful for treating a variety of conditions including cancer and inflammation The disclosure includes methods for using compounds and salts of Formula I to treat colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, brain tumorsbreast cancer, atherosclerosis, ischaemic heart disease, acne vulgaris, asthma, autoimmune diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, chronic prostatitis, glomerulonephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, reperfusion injury, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, transplant rejection, vasculitis, and interstitial cystitis.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of formula (I) in which Ar1, R1, U, V, W, X, and p are as described herein. Also provided are methods of using a compound of formula (I), including a method of treating cancer, a method of treating a patient with cancer cells resistant to an anti-cancer agent, and a method of inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and/or lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) activity in a cell.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a compound of the formula (II) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The variables, e.g. n, R, R3, R10, X, Y, and Z are defined herein. These compounds act as lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors and are useful for treating cancer and fibrosis. The compounds may be particularly useful for treating forms of cancer in which a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis has occurred. The disclosure also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of this formula and method for treating patients having cancer, fibrosis, or other conditions in which a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis has occurred.

Abstract: There is provided compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, wherein L, R1, R2, R3, R4 and n have meanings provided in the description, which compounds are useful in the treatment of cancers.

Abstract: There is provided compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, wherein X, Y, Z, R1 and R2 have meanings provided in the description, which compounds are useful in the treatment of cancers.

Abstract: Human lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of iron-containing enzymes involved in catalyzing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to provide the corresponding bioactive hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) metabolites. These eicosanoid signaling molecules are involved in a number of physiologic responses such as platelet aggregation, inflammation, and cell proliferation. Platelet-type 12-(S)-LOX (12-LOX) is of particular interest because of its demonstrated role in skin diseases, diabetes, platelet hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Disclosed herein is the identification and medicinal chemistry optimization of a 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)benzenesulfonamide-based scaffold. The compounds display nM potency against 12-LOX and excellent selectivity over related lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. In addition to possessing favorable ADME properties, the compounds also inhibit PAR-4 induced aggregation and calcium mobilization in human platelets, and reduce 12-HETE in mouse/human beta cells.

Abstract: A compound of Formula II or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein CyN is a cyclic amine group bound via a nitrogen atom; X is C or N; R1 and R2 are each independently a halogen, CN, CF3, CHF2, CH2F, a C1-C10alkyl group, a C1-C10alkoxy group, a di(C1-C5alkyl)amino; m and n are each independently 1, 2, or 3, and represents either a single bond or a double bond, wherein the racemic mixture of 3-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-(2-ethyl-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-5-(piperazine-1-carbonyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one atropisomers is excluded.

Abstract: Human lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of iron-containing enzymes involved in catalyzing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to provide the corresponding bioactive hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) metabolites. These eicosanoid signaling molecules are involved in a number of physiologic responses such as platelet aggregation, inflammation, and cell proliferation. Platelet-type 12-(S)-LOX (12-LOX) is of particular interest because of its demonstrated role in skin diseases, diabetes, platelet hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Disclosed herein is the identification and medicinal chemistry optimization of a 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)benzenesulfonamide-based scaffold. The compounds display nM potency against 12-LOX and excellent selectivity over related lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. In addition to possessing favorable ADME properties, the compounds also inhibit PAR-4 induced aggregation and calcium mobilization in human platelets, and reduce 12-HETE in mouse/human beta cells.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I and Formula II and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed The variables A, B, Y, Z, X1, X2, R1-4 and R13-18 are disclosed herein. The compounds are useful for treating cancer disorders, especially those involving mutant IDH1 enzymes. Pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of Formula I or Formula II and methods of treatment comprising administering compounds of Formula I and Formula II are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, wherein W, X, Y, Z, R1, R2 and R3 have meanings provided in the description, which compounds are useful in the treatment of cancers.