Abstract: The present disclosure concerns an electrode comprising a plurality of porous conductive substrates and at least one layer of an electrode composite material, the at least one layer of electrode composite material is sandwiched between the plurality of porous conductive substrates, the at least one layer of electrode composite material in electrical communication with the plurality of porous conductive substrates. The electrode composite material at least partially impregnates the plurality of porous conductive substrates. The present disclosure also concerns joints and methods of fabricating the electrodes and joints.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns nanofibers and methods of forming these nanofibers thereof. The method of forming nanofiber comprises providing 2D materials with charge bearing moieties on its planar surfaces and at its ends, reacting the charge bearing moieties on the planar surfaces with proton donors, proton acceptors, at least partially hydrophobic counterions or a second 2D materials with oppositely charge bearing moieties on its planar surfaces and at its ends in order to curl the 2D material, simultaneously reacting the charge bearing moieties at the ends with proton donors, proton acceptors, at least partially hydrophobic counterions or the second 2D materials with oppositely charge bearing moieties on its planar surfaces and at its ends, and crosslinking the neutralised charge bearing moieties at the ends in order for the 2D materials to interact with each other to form the nanofiber.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus suitable for preparing sulfur-host composite materials, comprising: a screw extruder comprising one or more heating zones, each comprising a heating element; a means or apparatus for providing an inert atmosphere or vacuum to the screw extruder; and an atomiser configured to receive a molten stream from the screw extruder and atomise the molten stream into an atomised stream, wherein the screw extruder is configured to generate a molten stream comprising molten sulfur and a solid particulate host material when in use.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nanomaterial electrolyte formed from a modified two-dimensional nanomaterial having a surface, where the surface is modified by a plurality of functional groups selected from one or more of the group consisting of imine, sulfonic acid, sulfonamide, amine, hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, thiol, and amide on the surface of the modified two-dimensional nanomaterial, where the nanomaterial electrolyte is capable of reversibly adopting a flat two-dimensional conformation or a scrolled 1-dimensional conformation upon a change to its ambient environment. There is also disclosed a method of effecting a change in conformation from one form to the other (and back again).

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for preparing graphene-oxide, the method including contacting graphene and at least one oxidant in a solution including at least one acid solvent thereby forming graphene-oxide.

Abstract: A ring cavity laser source, a tunable ring cavity laser source and a method of fabricating a ring cavity laser source.