Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a method of estimating an amount of at least one biomarker for a subject, based on an image of the subject imaged by a medical imaging method, the method comprising: processing the image to identify at least one tissue type within a region of interest of the image and determining an amount of each identified tissue type; associating each identified tissue type with a measure of biomarker production; calculating a total amount of biomarker production for the identified tissue types.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a method of estimating an amount of at least one biomarker for a subject, based on an image of the subject imaged by a medical imaging method, the method comprising: processing the image to identify at least one tissue type within a region of interest of the image and determining an amount of each identified tissue type; associating each identified tissue type with a measure of biomarker production; calculating a total amount of biomarker production for the identified tissue types.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assessing the perceptual quality of stereo speech signals transmitted via a telecommunications network and recorded acoustically from an acoustic terminal device in which a mono reference signal comprising a single channel is aligned with a degraded stereo signal comprising a left and a right channel; a delay between each channel of said degraded signal and said reference signal is estimated; a noise masking indicator in dependence upon said estimated delays is generated; the level of the stereo signals is adjusted in dependence upon said noise masking indicator; a set of perceptually relevant parameters for each of said reference and degraded signals are generated; the perceptually relevant parameters of the reference signal with the perceptually relevant parameters of the degraded signal to generate a disturbance profile are compared; and a speech quality prediction is generated in dependence upon said disturbance profile.

Abstract: This invention relates to measurement of error characteristics of a communication channel. The invention is of particular use for measuring perceived transmission performance of the communication channel. The invention provides a method and apparatus for measuring the transmission error characteristics of a channel employing frame based transmission in which a frame classification indicator is generated for an expected frame, according to data received via said channel, and in which the following steps are repeatedly performed: generating frame classification data relating to the expected frame; updating a statistical representation of the transmission error characteristics according to said frame classification. The invention also provides a method and apparatus for measuring perceived transmission performance of a communications channel in which the perceived transmission performance is generated according to measured transmission error characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining channel degradation information in which a known data sequence is compared to a transmitted version of the known data sequence to provide such information. To assess performance of a public land mobile network, it is convenient if assessment apparatus is located in the network rather than in a mobile station. The invention provides a technique for efficiently sending data characterizing channel degradation caused by the network to mobile station communication channel from the mobile station back to the network, where the channel degradation information is reconstructed.

Abstract: This invention relates to measurement of error characteristics of a communication channel. It is of particular use for measuring perceived transmission performance of the communication channel.

Abstract: This invention relates to measurement of error characteristics of a communication channel. The invention is of particular use for measuring perceived transmission performance of the communication channel. The invention provides a method and apparatus for measuring the transmission error characteristics of a channel employing frame based transmission in which a frame classification indicator is generated for an expected frame, according to data received via said channel, and in which the following steps are repeatedly performed; generating frame classification data relating to the expected frame; updating a statistical representation of the transmission error characteristics according to said frame classification. The invention also provides a method and apparatus for measuring perceived transmission performance of a communications channel in which the perceived transmission performance is generated according to measured transmission error characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining channel degradation information in which a known data sequence is compared to a transmitted version of the known data sequence to provide such information.