Abstract: The present invention relates to process to prepare a chlorine-containing compound using an aqueous salt solution containing at least 100 g/l of sodium chloride and a contaminating amount of polyvalent cations comprising the steps of (i) preparing an aqueous salt solution containing at least 100 g/l of sodium chloride and at least 0.01 ppm of polyvalent cations by dissolving a sodium chloride source in water, (ii) adding an effective amount of at least one positive retention enhancing component to the aqueous solution, (iii) subsequently subjecting the solution to a nanofiltration step, thereby separating the solution into a retentate which is enriched for polyvalent cations and a permeate which is the purified aqueous salt solution, (iv) reacting the chloride anions in the permeate to a chlorine-containing compound by an electrolysis step, and (v) recycling at least part of the retentate to dissolution step (i).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process to prepare salt comprising the following steps: (i) preparing an aqueous salt solution containing at least 100 g/l of sodium chloride and at least 0.01 ppm of polyvalent cations by dissolving a sodium chloride source in industrial water, (ii) adding an effective amount of at least one positive retention enhancing component to the aqueous salt solution, (iii) subsequently subjecting the solution to a nanofiltration step, thereby separating the solution into a retentate which is enriched for the polyvalent cations and a permeate which is the purified aqueous salt solution, and (iv) concentrating the permeate to produce salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ionic liquids of the formula: (Mm+)xH+ynN+R1R2R3R4Z—N(—CHXCOO?)pY2-p or (Mm+)xH+ynP+R1R2R3R4Z—N(—CHXCOO?)pY2-p wherein any one of R1 to R4 independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups selected from OH, Cl, Br, F, I, phenyl, NH2, CN, NO2, an ether group, COOR5, CHO, COR5 or OR5, wherein R5 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group, and wherein two of the groups R1 to R4 together with the N atom may form a heteroaromatic or heterocyclic group such as a pyridinium, pyrrolidinium or imidazolium group; the Z—N(—CHXCOO?)pY2-p is the anion derived from a chelating agent, wherein Z is a group selected from hydrogen, alkyl, an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more carboxylate groups, hydroxyl groups and/or optionally containing one or more ether functionalities, or Z is a group of the formula —CH2—CHR6—R7—N—(CH2COO?)2, R6 is hydrogen or a C1-C3 alkyl group, R7 is a single bond, a C1-C3

Abstract: A crude phosphate ester product can be purified by first washing it with chelating agent composition (such as a dilute acidic solution) and then, preferably, water, drying the resulting product, and then treating the resulting product with an acid scavenger, as exemplified by an epoxy-containing compound, such as 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process to prepare salt comprising the following steps: (i) preparing an aqueous salt solution containing at least 100 g/l of sodium chloride and at least 0.01 ppm of polyvalent cations by dissolving a sodium chloride source in industrial water, (ii) adding an effective amount of at least one positive retention enhancing component to the aqueous salt solution, (iii) subsequently subjecting the solution to a nanofiltration step, thereby separating the solution into a retentate which is enriched for the polyvalent cations and a permeate which is the purified aqueous salt solution, and (iv) concentrating the permeate to produce salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process to prepare a chlorine-containing compound using an aqueous salt solution containing at least 100 g/l of sodium chloride and a contaminating amount of polyvalent cations comprising the steps of (i) preparing an aqueous salt solution containing at least 100 g/l of sodium chloride and at least 0.01 ppm of polyvalent cations by dissolving a sodium chloride source in water, (ii) adding an effective amount of at least one positive retention enhancing component to the aqueous solution, (iii) subsequently subjecting the solution to a nanofiltration step, thereby separating the solution into a retentate which is enriched for polyvalent cations and a permeate which is the purified aqueous salt solution, (iv) reacting the chloride anions in the permeate to a chlorine- containing compound by an electrolysis step, and (v) recycling at least part of the retentate to dissolution step (i).

Abstract: A crude phosphate ester product can be purified by first washing it with chelating agent composition (such as a dilute acidic solution) and then, preferably, water, drying the resulting product, and then treating the resulting product with an acid scavenger, as exemplified by an epoxy-containing compound, such as 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate.