Abstract: Equipment including at least one plug-in unit (102) and a body device (101) for receiving the plug-in unit is presented. The equipment includes a circuit (124) including a test signal generator for supplying a test signal to a measurement circuit including galvanic contacts provided by electrical connectors between the body device and a plug-in unit so that the test signal belongs at least partly to a frequency band used in data transfer between the plug-in unit and the body device. The equipment includes a monitoring circuit for generating a signal indicative of a difference between a quantity responsive to the test signal and a reference. As the test signal belongs at least partly to the frequency band used in the data transfer, the quality of the galvanic contacts between the body device and the plug-in unit can be monitored concerning the behavior on the data transfer frequency band.

Abstract: Equipment including at least one plug-in unit and a body device for receiving the plug-in unit is presented. The plug-in unit includes a mechanical structure (108) enabling the plug-in unit to be locked in its operating position with respect to the body device with a fastening element (141) that can be, for example, a fastening screw. The plug-in unit further includes a sensor circuit (111) having first electrical properties when the fastening element is in the position locking the plug-in unit in the operating position and otherwise different electrical properties. The equipment includes a monitoring circuit (112) for generating a signal indicative of a difference between the prevailing electrical properties of the sensor circuit and the first electrical properties, the signal being indicative also of correctness of the installation of the plug-in unit. Thus, the correct installation of the plug-in unit can be electrically indicated and monitored.

Abstract: Equipment including at least one plug-in unit and a body device for receiving the plug-in unit is presented. The plug-in unit includes an electrically conductive structure (121, 122, 123) having at least one surface area capable of forming a capacitive coupling with a surface area of an electrically conductive part (130, 131) of the body device when the plug-in unit is inserted in the body device. The equipment further includes a monitoring circuit (124) for generating a signal indicative of electrical properties of a measurement circuit including the capacitive coupling and at least one galvanic contact provided by electrical connectors of the plug-in unit and the body device. The generated signal is also indicative of correctness of the installation of the plug-in unit. Thus, the correct installation of the plug-in unit can be electrically indicated and monitored.

Abstract: A system provided with a solder joint includes: a circuit board (101) provided with an aperture (102), an electrical component (103) including a conductor foot (104) protruding through the aperture, and soldering metal (105) inside the aperture and in contact with the conductor foot. The system further includes a thermal conductor element (106) including a first portion outside the aperture and a second portion inside the aperture and in contact with the soldering metal. The thermal conductor element is capable of conducting heat and thereby it intensifies the heat transfer into the aperture during pre-heating which precedes the process phase when the molten soldering metal is enabled to be absorbed into the aperture. Thus the reliability of the solder joint is improved, i.e. a risk of a faulty “cold” solder is decreased.

Abstract: A circuit board system includes a first circuit board (201) furnished with SMD components (202) and conductive patterns (203). There are one or more surface-mounted support elements (206) on the first circuit board. Each of them includes an electrically conductive bottom surface (207) soldered to a respective conductive pattern (203) of the first circuit board (201). A second circuit board (208) is mechanically connected to the one or more support elements (206). At least one electronic component (209) is mounted to the second circuit board (208) and electrically coupled to at least one conductive pattern (203) of the first circuit board (201) through at least one of the support elements (206).