Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, controllers, and processes that are configured to facilitate controlling visual information provided via a display at a dispenser while a vehicle is being fueled can be adapted so no use of communication protocols is needed for control of the display. For instance, a controller can be connected with a payment terminal having a screen via multiple different physical connections (e.g. wiring for conveying electricity, optical fiber cables, etc.). One or more of these connections can be activated while others are deactivated in an accordance with a pre-defined scheme to indicate to the payment terminal which of a number of different pre-defined display graphics should be displayed during fueling. Embodiments can be adapted so no payment information or other information is shared between a payment processing device and a fuel dispensing controller and no communication protocol is needed for transport of data between such devices.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for warming a cryogenic liquid and re-cooling gas for recapture and recovery of that cryogenic gas can include recovery cryogenic gas and storing that gas in at least one storage device to avoid venting such gas to atmosphere. The stored gas can be fed to at least one heat exchanger to vaporize a cryogenic liquid being fed from at least one storage tank for dispending of that cryogenic fluid. The stored cryogenic gas can be cooled as a result of its use as a heating medium for vaporization of the cryogenic liquid and can be subsequently fed to one or more cryogenic liquid storage tanks as a cooled cryogenic gas, partially liquefied fluid that includes cryogenic liquid and cryogenic gas, or a fully liquefied cryogenic liquid for storage and subsequent use.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for fog mitigation can be include a mechanism to reduce fog formation and/or condense the fog into water to avoid fog being formed and moving through a site. Embodiments can be configured to utilize at least one fog collection mechanism positioned adjacent a vaporizer utilized to vaporizer a cryogenic liquid so that fog that may form adjacent the vaporizer is removed from air surrounding the vaporizer and prevented from spreading beyond the vaporizer to other areas of a site having the vaporizer (e.g. a hydrogen fueling station, etc.).

Abstract: An apparatus and process for dispensing a cryogenic fluid can include an apparatus and process configured for dispensing the cryogenic fluid into a fuel tank. Embodiments can be configured for dispensing of liquid hydrogen into fuel tanks of vehicles, for example. Embodiments can be provided so no pump usage is necessary for filing the fuel tank or substantially filling the fuel tank (e.g., filling the fuel tank to a level of 90% filled or a level of 95% filled, etc.) during the dispensing. This can permit embodiments to avoid cryogenic boil off and fugitive emission losses as well as reducing power consumption, reducing maintenance costs, and permitting dispensing start-up to occur more quickly.

Abstract: A hydrogen injection scheme can be employed via use of one or more injectors for injecting hydrogen to help entrain local mass while also generating local turbulence that can enhance mixing with a mixture of air and fuel to facilitate enhanced lean combustion, lower peak flame temperatures of combustion, and reduce nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions from the combustion of fuel. In some embodiments, the hydrogen can be injected to help transport heat released during combustion away from the injector to help avoid injector overheating as well. Different injectors can be utilized to provide a desired hydrogen injection scheme for a particular set of design and operational criteria for a gas turbine system or at least one combustion system that can be utilized in a gas turbine system.

Abstract: A hydrogen injection scheme can be employed via use of one or more injectors for injecting hydrogen to help entrain local mass while also generating local turbulence that can enhance mixing with a mixture of air and fuel to facilitate enhanced lean combustion, lower peak flame temperatures of combustion, and reduce nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions from the combustion of fuel. In some embodiments, the hydrogen can be injected to help transport heat released during combustion away from the injector to help avoid injector overheating as well. Different injectors can be utilized to provide a desired hydrogen injection scheme for a particular set of design and operational criteria for a gas turbine system or at least one combustion system that can be utilized in a gas turbine system.

Abstract: A burner including a first burner element having a first annular oxidant nozzle surrounding a first inner fuel nozzle; a second burner element having a second annular oxidant nozzle surrounding a second inner fuel nozzle, the second burner element being positioned adjacent to and spaced apart from the first burner element; a staging nozzle configured to flow secondary oxidant and being positioned adjacent to and spaced apart from the second burner element and separated from the first burner element by the second burner element; wherein the first inner nozzle and the second inner nozzle each have a major axis defined by a length L and a minor axis defined by a height hf; wherein 5<=L/hf<=15; wherein the staging nozzle has a major axis; and wherein the major axes of the first and second inner nozzles and the staging nozzle are substantially parallel with each other.

Abstract: A hydrogen injection scheme can be employed via use of one or more injectors for injecting hydrogen to help entrain local mass while also generating local turbulence that can enhance mixing with a mixture of air and fuel to facilitate enhanced lean combustion, lower peak flame temperatures of combustion, and reduce nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions from the combustion of fuel. In some embodiments, the hydrogen can be injected to help transport heat released during combustion away from the injector to help avoid injector overheating as well. Different injectors can be utilized to provide a desired hydrogen injection scheme for a particular set of design and operational criteria for a gas turbine system or at least one combustion system that can be utilized in a gas turbine system.

Abstract: A method of melting a charge in a double-pass tilt rotary furnace having a door, including operating a first burner at a first firing rate, the first burner being mounted in a lower portion of the door and producing a first flame having a length; operating a second burner at a second firing rate, the second burner being mounted in an upper portion of the door and producing a second flame having a length, the second flame being distal from the charge relative to the first flame; in an initial phase when the solids in the charge impede the first flame, controlling the second firing rate to be greater than the first firing rate; and in an later phase after melting of the solids in the charge sufficiently that the first flame is not impeded, controlling the first firing rate to be greater than the second firing rate.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine engine having a compressor upstream of the combustor and a turbine downstream of the combustor. The combustor also includes a combustor chamber, an oxy-fuel pilot burner (104) centrally positioned at an end of the combustor chamber, and an air-fuel premix burner configured to at least partially premix air and fuel. The air-fuel premix burner surrounds the oxy-fuel pilot burner (104) in an annular configuration.

Abstract: A hydrogen injection scheme can be employed via use of one or more injectors for injecting hydrogen to help entrain local mass while also generating local turbulence that can enhance mixing with a mixture of air and fuel to facilitate enhanced lean combustion, lower peak flame temperatures of combustion, and reduce nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions from the combustion of fuel. In some embodiments, the hydrogen can be injected to help transport heat released during combustion away from the injector to help avoid injector overheating as well. Different injectors can be utilized to provide a desired hydrogen injection scheme for a particular set of design and operational criteria for a gas turbine system or at least one combustion system that can be utilized in a gas turbine system.

Abstract: A method for preheating metal pellets before charging into a melting furnace, wherein the pellets are transported by a conveyor belt to a chute and discharged from the chute into the melting furnace, the method including heating the pellets by direct flame impingement from two or more banks of burners, wherein the two or more banks of burners comprise an upstream bank of burners and a downstream bank of burners; and controlling the upstream bank of burners to operate oxygen-rich so as to create an oxidizing zone and the downstream bank of burners to operate fuel-rich so as to create a reducing zone.

Abstract: A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle ? from 30° to 60° connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine engine having a compressor upstream of the combustor and a turbine downstream of the combustor. The combustor also includes a combustor chamber, an oxy-fuel pilot burner (104) centrally positioned at an end of the combustor chamber, and an air-fuel premix burner configured to at least partially premix air and fuel. The air-fuel premix burner surrounds the oxy-fuel pilot burner (104) in an annular configuration.

Abstract: A system for melting a pelleted charge material including a furnace having a feed end configured to receive a solid pelleted charge material and a discharge end opposite the feed end configured to discharge a molten charge material and a slag, a conveyor configured to feed the pelleted charge material into the feed end of the furnace, at least one oxy-fuel burner positioned to direct heat into a melting zone near the feed end to heat and at least partially melt the pelleted charge material to form the molten charge material and slag, wherein the oxy-fuel burner uses an oxidant having at least 70% molecular oxygen, and at least one flue for exhausting burner combustion products from the furnace.

Abstract: A method of melting a charge in a double-pass tilt rotary furnace having a door, including operating a first burner at a first firing rate, the first burner being mounted in a lower portion of the door and producing a first flame having a length; operating a second burner at a second firing rate, the second burner being mounted in an upper portion of the door and producing a second flame having a length, the second flame being distal from the charge relative to the first flame; in an initial phase when the solids in the charge impede the first flame, controlling the second firing rate to be greater than the first firing rate; and in an later phase after melting of the solids in the charge sufficiently that the first flame is not impeded, controlling the first firing rate to be greater than the second firing rate.

Abstract: A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle ? from 15° to 35° connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

Abstract: A method of operating a BOF bottom stir tuyere having an inner nozzle surrounded by an annular nozzle, including during a hot metal pour phase and a blow phase, flowing an inert gas through both nozzles; during a tap phase, initiating a flow of a first reactant through the inner nozzle and a flow of a second reactant through the annular nozzle, and ceasing the flow of inert gas through the nozzles, wherein the first and second reactants includes fuel and oxidant, respectively, or vice-versa, such that a flame forms as the fuel and oxidant exit the tuyere; during a slag splash phase, continuing the flows of fuel and oxidant to maintain the flame; and after ending the slag splash phase and commencement of another hot metal pour phase, initiating a flow of inert gas through both nozzles and ceasing the flows of the first and second reactants.

Abstract: An oxy-gaseous fuel burner (400, 500) or a solid fuel burner (700) having an annular cavity (404, 504, 704) upstream from and proximate to an outlet plane (416, 516, 716) and a converging (434, 734) or converging-diverging nozzle (537) located upstream from and proximal to the cavity (404, 504, 704). The solid fuel burner (700) also is preferably operated so that the velocity of gas exiting a second annulus (730) is less than the velocity of gas exiting a central conduit (710).

Abstract: A system for melting a pelleted charge material including a furnace having a feed end configured to receive a solid pelleted charge material and a discharge end opposite the feed end configured to discharge a molten charge material and a slag, a conveyor configured to feed the pelleted charge material into the feed end of the furnace, at least one oxy-fuel burner positioned to direct heat into a melting zone near the feed end to heat and at least partially melt the pelleted charge material to form the molten charge material and slag, wherein the oxy-fuel burner uses an oxidant having at least 70% molecular oxygen, and at least one flue for exhausting burner combustion products from the furnace.