Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbon-assisted solid oxide electrolysis cell comprising: a cathode, an electrolyte, an anode, and an anode chamber set in the order. The cathode is supplied with water as an oxidant and the reduction reaction occurs. The anode chamber includes carbon fuel and CO2 absorber, supplied with the water as in situ gasification agent, wherein the water assists the gasification of the carbon fuel to generate CO and H2. The O2? ions generated by cathode are transported to the anode through the electrolyte, and react with CO and H2 generated in the anode chamber as oxidant. The CO produced by the carbon gasification reaction partly reacts with water to generate CO2 and H2, while the CO2 absorber promotes the production of H2 by absorbing the CO2 produced by the water gas shift reaction. The present invention can control the internal gas composition of the CA-SOEC anode effectively, improving the performance of the carbon-assisted electrolysis cell and reducing energy consumption.