Abstract: Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods are provided herein that may be used to treat cancer, infectious disease, and other conditions associated with ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase (ENPP1) dysfunction.

Abstract: An endoscope biopsy device has a hub, an insertion tube connected to the hub, an endoscope module connected to the hub, and a biopsy module connected to the hub. The endoscope module includes a fiber optic line extending through the hub and into the insertion tube. The biopsy module is configured to admit biopsy tools to the patient through the insertion tube from the biopsy module while simultaneously providing a visual examination of the portion of the patient from which the biopsy is taken. In some embodiments, the endoscope biopsy device is configured to perform a biopsy during a ductoscopy on a human patient.

Abstract: An endoscopic or laparoscopic introducer, a medical device to assist the surgeon with the insertion, maneuvering, and removal of an endoscope, laparoscope, biopsy device, or medical device from a patient's body during endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery. The advancement relates to an introducer and specifically to an autoclavable modular introducer. Introducer is modular and is capable of attachment to numerous types of fittings and thereby capable of coupling and decoupling to numerous types of endoscopes, cannulas, insufflation flow sources, biopsy devices, and other medical devices. Introducer is autoclavable in that it is capable of sterilization by autoclave without incurring deterioration or degradation. This invention incorporates a biopsy port in the modular introducer system for the surgeon to extract cells and tissues for biopsy procedure.

Abstract: Endoscope and method comprise a micro endoscope with insertion end that is about 1-2 millimeters in outer diameter and includes an optical fiber image bundle, two optical laser fibers, two illumination source optical fiber bundles, along with three focusing lenses for image bundle and laser fibers. Insertion end may be inserted in a female milk duct, other body cavity, or internal organ to inspect for cells and lesions. Visual inspection is aided by the use of special mixtures of light sources to observe the distinction between normal and abnormal cells. If abnormal cells or lesions are detected and the surgeon decides cells or lesions are non-cancerous, the surgeon may then use endoscope to precisely burn, ablate, or otherwise kill abnormal cells at their point of origin on the milk duct, other body cavity, or internal organ. The procedure is minimally invasive and much less costly than many other similarly functioning medical procedures.

Abstract: Endoscope and method comprise a micro endoscope with insertion end that is about 1-2 millimeters in outer diameter and includes an optical fiber image bundle, two optical laser fibers, two illumination source optical fiber bundles, along with three focusing lenses for image bundle and laser fibers. Insertion end may be inserted in a female milk duct, other body cavity, or internal organ to inspect for cells and lesions. Visual inspection is aided by the use of special mixtures of light sources to observe the distinction between normal and abnormal cells. If abnormal cells or lesions are detected and the surgeon decides cells or lesions are non-cancerous, the surgeon may then use endoscope to precisely burn, ablate, or otherwise kill abnormal cells at their point of origin on the milk duct, other body cavity, or internal organ. The procedure is minimally invasive and much less costly than many other similarly functioning medical procedures.