Abstract: Provided herein are functionalized branched alcohols comprising a glycosyl group, an ethylene oxide linker and a tail. The ethylene oxide linker comprises one or more units of ethylene oxide. The glycosyl group is a substituent structure of a cyclic monosaccharide. The tail comprises a branched paraffin or isomers thereof, the glycosyl group is attached to the ethylene oxide linker, and the ethylene oxide linker is attached to the tail. In an aspect, the glycosyl group is a substituent structure of glucose, mannose, galactose, sorbose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, ribose, lyxose, lactose, or maltose, or variants thereof. The tail can be a paraffin comprising 9 to 13 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a sulfonated reaction product or a salt thereof may be prepared from a cyclohexylbenzene compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group. Methods for sulfonating an alkylated cyclohexylbenzene compound prepared from a cyclohexylbenzene compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group may comprise contacting the alkylated cyclohexylbenzene compound with a sulfonating reagent; forming a sulfonated reaction product; and converting the sulfonated reaction product into a sulfonate salt.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel extended branched alcohols having a lower branching number and improved biodegradability when compared to other branched alcohols. Also provided are novel extended branched ethoxylates having surfactant properties which can be more efficient in reducing surface tension when compared to the ethoxylated form of other branched alcohols. Further provided are novel syntheses of making extended branched alcohols and extended branched ethoxylates.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a sulfonated reaction product or a salt thereof may be prepared from a biphenyl compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group. Methods for sulfonating an alkylated biphenyl compound prepared from a biphenyl compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group may comprise contacting the alkylated biphenyl compound with a sulfonating reagent; forming a sulfonated reaction product; and converting the sulfonated reaction product into a sulfonate salt.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel extended branched alcohols having a lower branching number and improved biodegradability when compared to other branched alcohols. Also provided are novel extended branched ethoxylates having surfactant properties which can be more efficient in reducing surface tension when compared to the ethoxylated form of other branched alcohols. Further provided are novel syntheses of making extended branched alcohols and extended branched ethoxylates.

Abstract: Provided herein are functionalized branched alcohols comprising a glycosyl group, an ethylene oxide linker and a tail. The ethylene oxide linker comprises one or more units of ethylene oxide. The glycosyl group is a substituent structure of a cyclic monosaccharide. The tail comprises a branched paraffin or isomers thereof, the glycosyl group is attached to the ethylene oxide linker, and the ethylene oxide linker is attached to the tail. In an aspect, the glycosyl group is a substituent structure of glucose, mannose, galactose, sorbose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, ribose, lyxose, lactose, or maltose, or variants thereof. The tail can be a paraffin comprising 9 to 13 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a sulfonated reaction product or a salt thereof may be prepared from a cyclohexylbenzene compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group. Methods for sulfonating an alkylated cyclohexylbenzene compound prepared from a cyclohexylbenzene compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group may comprise contacting the alkylated cyclohexylbenzene compound with a sulfonating reagent; forming a sulfonated reaction product; and converting the sulfonated reaction product into a sulfonate salt.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a sulfonated reaction product or a salt thereof may be prepared from a diphenyl ether compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group. Methods for sulfonating an alkylated diphenyl ether compound prepared from a diphenyl ether compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group may comprise contacting the alkylated diphenyl ether compound with a sulfonating reagent; forming a sulfonated reaction product; and converting the sulfonated reaction product into a sulfonate salt.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a sulfonated reaction product or a salt thereof may be prepared from a biphenyl compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group. Methods for sulfonating an alkylated biphenyl compound prepared from a biphenyl compound that has been alkylated with an olefin of formula R1R2CCH2, wherein R1 is a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group, and R2 is H or a C6-C24 hydrocarbyl group may comprise contacting the alkylated biphenyl compound with a sulfonating reagent; forming a sulfonated reaction product; and converting the sulfonated reaction product into a sulfonate salt.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to surfactants formed from sulfonation of aromatic ethers. The example surfactant composition may include a sulfonated aromatic ether. The sulfonated aromatic ether may include an aromatic ring with substituents comprising an ether group and a sulfonic acid group or a salt of the sulfonic acid group. The ether group may be represented by the following formula: wherein R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 carbon atom to 20 carbon atoms; wherein each R2 is individually a hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 carbon atom to 4 carbon atoms; and wherein n is a value from 0 to 8.

Abstract: Methods are provided for lubricating oxygenated diamond-like carbon surfaces to reduce friction while reducing or minimizing wear on the surface. A diamond-like carbon surface layer having a surface ratio of oxygen to carbon of 1:15 or more can be lubricated using a lubricant oil that includes a molybdenum-based friction modifier additive, a tungsten-based friction modifier additive, or a combination thereof. The Mo-based friction modifier (and/or other friction modifier based on a Group VI metal) can be selected based on the Gibbs free energy of adsorption (?G) for the friction modifier on an oxygenated diamond-like carbon surface. Use of a Group VI metal-based friction modifier having a ?G of adsorption with a sufficiently large magnitude can reduce friction at the surface of the oxygenated diamond-like carbon while causing a reduced or minimized amount of wear during lubrication.