Abstract: A thermoelectric cryoprobe for the topical treatment of neoplasms by freezing. The cryoprobe comprises a plurality of stacked thermoelectric modules coupled to a distal treatment tip through a heat pipe. Heat is dissipated by a heat exchanger system. An external control unit is provided which serves as a source of DC power for the hand-held cryoprobe and contains a control system for controlling the thermoelectric element based upon temperature feedback from treatment site. Temperature feedback from the sensors facilitates freeze-thaw cycling by the cryoprobe to more effectively destroy the tissue at the treatment site.