Abstract: Methods of treating patients having inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are provided herein.

Abstract: A plant tray may include multiple plant cells. The plant cells may suspend the plants above a nutrient solution, creating an air gap between the plants and the nutrients. Roots may grow in the air gap. Walls may surround the air gap, in order to prevent or reduce air pruning of the roots. The climate of the air gap or air gaps may be controlled and modified independent of the surrounding climate. Some embodiments may use an inserted disk or plate to separate the plants or plant substrate from the air gap, while others may implement a cup or hourglass shaped cells with a chokepoint. Each disk, cup, or hourglass shaped cell may be configured such that the roots of the plant pass through to the air gap while supporting or securing the plant substrate above the air gap.

Abstract: According to at least one exemplary embodiment, optimized packaging may be provided. Optimized packaging may be used, for example, as packaging for leafy green products, produce, or other food items. The optimized packaging may have a frame element and one or more film surfaces.

Abstract: In an automated product delivery method a request for delivery of a product is received from a user device. One or more product delivery options are determined and transmitted to the user device and a selected product delivery option is received from the user device. The product is provided to the selected delivery location in advance of the selected delivery time window. A delivery processing server receives user device location information and determines an estimated arrival time of the user at the delivery location. At the estimated arrival time, the product is securely staged for pickup by the user. The delivery processing server receives user validation information, and responsive to validation of the user information, transmits to the delivery location processing device, an instruction to allow access to the product by the user, and access to the product by the user is allowed.

Abstract: In an automated product delivery method a request for delivery of a product is received from a user device. One or more product delivery options are determined and transmitted to the user device and a selected product delivery option is received from the user device. The product is provided to the selected delivery location in advance of the selected delivery time window. A delivery processing server receives user device location information and determines an estimated arrival time of the user at the delivery location. At the estimated arrival time, the product is securely staged for pickup by the user. The delivery processing server receives user validation information, and responsive to validation of the user information, transmits to the delivery location processing device, an instruction to allow access to the product by the user, and access to the product by the user is allowed.

Abstract: In an automated product delivery method a request for delivery of a product is received from a user device. One or more product delivery options are determined and transmitted to the user device and a selected product delivery option is received from the user device. The product is provided to the selected delivery location in advance of the selected delivery time window. A delivery processing server receives user device location information and determines an estimated arrival time of the user at the delivery location. At the estimated arrival time, the product is securely staged for pickup by the user. The delivery processing server receives user validation information, and responsive to validation of the user information, transmits to the delivery location processing device, an instruction to allow access to the product by the user, and access to the product by the user is allowed.

Abstract: The present invention is a handheld roller having at least two units that can spin around while the handheld roller is flipped or rotated to occupy, entertain and soothe the user. The handheld roller can also be applied to other parts of the body, including the other hand; placed on the floor or other surface and body part rolled against it.

Abstract: The present invention is a handheld roller having at least two units that can spin around while the handheld roller is flipped or rotated to occupy, entertain and soothe the user.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for recipient-centric, list-based messaging. In one implementation, a processing device receives, from a first device associated with a first user, a selection of one or more contacts, receives one or more request parameters from the first device, identifies, based on the selection of the one or more contacts and the one or more request parameters, one or more content items that are (a) associated with at least one of the one or more contacts and (b) associated with at least one of the one or more request parameters, and provides a first list of the one or more content items to the first device and to one or more devices that correspond to the one or more contacts.