Abstract: Systems and methods of transcutaneously stimulating one or more peripheral nerves of a patient with a wearable neurostimulation device regulated by a measured rhythmic biological signal to treat a patient are disclosed, and can include measuring a rhythmic biological signal of the patient and determining one or more features of the measured rhythmic biological signal of the patient in real-time; delivering a first electrical nerve stimulation signal transcutaneously to the first peripheral nerve effector to stimulate the first peripheral nerve sufficient to modify a first neural circuit to modulate nervous system activity of the patient at least in part based on the measured rhythmic biological signal; and delivering a second electrical nerve stimulation signal transcutaneously to the second peripheral nerve effector to stimulate the second peripheral nerve sufficient to modify the first or a second neural feedback loop to modulate nervous system activity of the patient at least in part based on the measured