Abstract: A method and a system for optimizing acquisition time and power consumption at a user equipment (UE) are provided. The method includes establishing, by the UE located at an initial location, a radio resource control (RRC) connection with a non-terrestrial network (NTN)-based public land mobile network (PLMN), determining a current location of the UE based on one or more predetermined parameters, determining whether to perform a PLMN search for identifying a PLMN with a higher priority than connected NTN-based PLMN based at least on the initial location and the current location of the UE; and performing one of performing the PLMN search upon determining that a distance between the initial location and the current location of the UE is greater than a predetermined threshold distance value, or skipping the PLMN search upon determining that the distance between the initial location and the current location of the UE is less than the predetermined threshold distance value.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provide a method for managing a priority of Visited Public Land Mobile Networks (VPLMNs) of a wireless communication network. The method includes receiving a registration accept message including steering of roaming (SoR) information from a VPLMN; in response to a security check of the SoR information being failed, adding the VPLMN to a SoR abort list including PLMNs where a registration was aborted due to SoR; and deleting the SoR abort list after a predetermined time period.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a fifth generation (5G) or sixth generation (6G) communication system. Embodiments herein disclose methods for maintaining priority of a VPLMN during a PLMN selection procedure by a UE. The method includes ignoring a pre-configured priority for a VPLMN and considering the VPLMN as a lowest priority in response to determining that the UE has entered a state and the second SOR information is not received before the UE enters the state or the received second SOR information security check is not successful. The method includes considering a priority of the VPLMN as the pre-configured priority by not considering the VPLMN as a lowest priority and stopping the timer associated with the “first SOR security check not successful” in response to determining that the UE receives the second SOR information and a second SOR security check is successful before the UE enters the state.

Abstract: A method and a system for selecting Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) in communication networks are provided. The method includes prioritizing a random terrestrial network (TN) over other NTNs, changing the scan pattern to accommodate combination of Bands, radio access technologies (RATS), and public land mobile networks (PLMNs), and pre-configuring PLMN priorities at the user equipment (UE).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method for controlling standalone access (SA) capability performed by a terminal, includes: detecting that at least one subscriber identity module (SIM) card is available in the terminal; determining whether the at least one SIM card supports SA capability available in the terminal; enabling the SA capability in the terminal based on determining that the at least one SIM card supports the SA capability; and disabling the SA capability in the terminal based on determining that the at least one SIM card does not support the SA capability.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and a method for connection management. The method includes establishing, by a UE, a connection with a 5G cell. The established connection with the 5G cell is in a current tracking area of a 5G New Radio (NR). Further, the method includes determining, by the UE, one or more Long-Term Evolution (LTE) cells in the current tracking area or registration area that are not accessible to the UE (300). The one or more LTE cells are configured to operate on an LTE frequency. Furthermore, the method includes temporarily deprioritising or disabling, by the UE, a Stand Alone (SA) mode based on the determination of the one or more LTE cells in the current tracking area or the registration area that are not accessible to the UE.

Abstract: An example a method for managing paging restrictions in a wireless network includes detecting, by a UE, whether a first subscriber identity module (SIM) is configured for a dedicated data subscription (DDS). The method further includes detecting, by the UE, an occurrence of a trigger condition in connection with at least one of the first SIM and at least one second SIM and enabling, by the UE, a paging restriction to the at least one second SIM based on the occurrence of the predetermined trigger condition.

Abstract: A method of selecting access network for routing data of user equipment (UE) is provided. The method includes receiving trigger indicating a requirement of one or more network services. Further, the method includes determining that a UE is registered on a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access network and a non-3GPP access network simultaneously. The method includes identifying availability of one or more network services in the 3GPP access network and the non-3GPP access network. Thereafter, the method includes selecting one of, the 3GPP access network and the non-3GPP network, based on availability of one or more network services in one of, the 3GPP access network and the non-3GPP access network, or selecting one of, the 3GPP access network and the non-3GPP network based on one or more network parameters, when one or more network services are available in the 3GPP access network and the non-3GPP access network.

Abstract: A method for managing cell reselection by a user equipment (UE) is provided. The method includes storing, at the UE, a set of allowed frequency bands supported by a first operator. The set of allowed frequency bands are determined based on a first set of frequency bands supported by the first operator, and a second set of frequency bands associated with a second operator and permitted for use by the first operator. The method includes decoding a first system information block (SIB) comprising frequency information and frequency band information associated with corresponding neighbouring cells. The method includes determining one or more relevant neighbouring cells based on the corresponding first SIB and the set of allowed frequency bands, and further, determining, based at least on cell measurements associated with the one or more relevant neighbouring cells, at least one of a neighbouring cell for reselection.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for cell reselection in a wireless communication system. The method comprises: determining whether a User Equipment (UE) is in an inactive mode supported by a serving cell and detecting a trigger for reselection of the serving cell for the UE, while the UE is in the inactive mode. The method further comprises identifying, based on the detection, a plurality of neighbouring cells available for being connected to the UE. The method also comprises selecting a first cell, from among the plurality of the neighbouring cells, that supports the inactive mode of the UE, for connecting with the UE.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system is provided. The method comprises receiving, from an access management function (AMF) entity via a base station, a configuration update command message in case that the UE supporting a multi universal subscriber identity module (MUSIM) feature is not registered for an emergency service, and disabling the MUSIM features based on the received configuration update command message. The configuration update command message includes registration result information indicating that the UE supporting the MUSIM features is registered for the emergency service.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a medium access control (MAC) padding and uplink (UL) grants in a wireless network is provided. The method includes transmitting buffer status report (BSR) to a network apparatus from at least one of a first MAC entity or a second MAC entity, receiving UL grants from the network apparatus based on a data volume requested in the BSR, transmitting UL transmission data from one of the first MAC entity or the second MAC entity to the network apparatus by MAC padding the UL transmission data based on the UL grants and the data volume, determining a set of padded bits of the UL transmission data one of the first MAC entity or the second MAC entity, and scaling the data volume to a scaled data volume be requested in a subsequent BSR at the at least one of the first MAC entity or the second MAC entity.

Abstract: A method for controlling, by a user equipment (UE), PDCP aggregation in a dual connectivity mode includes receiving a first Uplink (UL) data threshold value from a network; monitoring a throughput of a UL data of the UE and occurrence of at least one UL channel condition, wherein the at least one UL channel condition includes at least one of a network condition and a UE condition; determining whether to perform a calculation of a second UL data threshold value based on the occurrence of the at least one UL channel condition; calculating the second UL data threshold value based on a plurality of network parameters and a plurality of UE parameters, based on determining to perform the calculation of the second UL data threshold value; comparing an amount of the UL data with the second UL data threshold value; and controlling PCDP aggregation based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A method of beam-based communication amongst a plurality of network nodes comprises detecting, by a subject node, a presence of a first set of nodes for beam-based communication, and receiving a list of a second set of nodes from at least a first node of the first set of nodes. Further, the method includes identifying at least a second node in the second set of nodes that is not detectable for beam-based communication by the subject node. The method comprises generating a distance-based mapping including distance information relating to the first set of nodes and the second node, from the subject node. Further, the method comprises transmitting, via beam-based communication by the subject node, content to a destination node based on a communication path determined using the distance-based mapping, the destination node being a node of one of the first set of nodes and the at least second node.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-generation (4g) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). Embodiments herein disclose a method for transmitting public safety warning messages over a non-3GPP access networks. The method includes receiving, by an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) entity of the 3GPP system (100), at least one public safety warning message from Cell Broadcast Entity (CBE) and transmitting, by the AMF entity (160a) of the 3GPP system 3GPP system (100), at least one public safety warning message to a Non-3GPP Interworking Function (N3IWF) interface entity (180a) of the 3GPP system3GPP system (100), where the N3IWF interface entity (180a) connects the AMF entity (160a) to the non-3GPP access network.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. Embodiments herein disclose a wireless network and methods to maintain a MA PDU session at a NSACF entity. The method includes determining, by a SMF entity, that a PDU session is the MA PDU session based on an indication from a UE. Further, the method includes indicating, by the SMF entity, that the PDU session is the MA PDU session to the NSACF entity in response to determination. The wireless network may maintain the count accurately even though the PDU session is a MA PDU session.

Abstract: A method for handling network access during by a User Equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, may include: identifying an initiation of a handover from a 3GPP network to a non-3GPP network; determining whether the handover is initiated during an ongoing call at the UE, or an always-on packet data unit (PDU) session at the UE; suspending at least one suspended real-time transport protocol (RTP) packet on the 3GPP network to prevent transmission of at least one service request to the 3GPP network during the handover based on the handover being initiated during the ongoing call at the UE, and configuring a status of the always-on PDU session as inactive for the 3GPP network to prevent the transmission of the at least one service request to the 3GPP network during the handover based on the handover being initiated during the always-on PDU session at the UE.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) for optimizing a multi-access protocol data unit (MA-PDU) session is provided.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. A method performed by a UE in a wireless network, comprising performing a registration procedure indicating support of a first paging subgrouping; receiving, from an AMF, a negotiated PEIPS assistance information in a registration accept message during registration procedure; using a PEIPS assistance information; establishing an emergency PDU session over a first access network; stopping to use PEIPS assistance information; performing handover procedure of the emergency PDU session from first access network to a second access network; and in case that emergency PDU session is handed over from first access network to second access network, using PEIPS assistance information.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. Embodiments herein provide a method for handling timer expiry during an ongoing non-access stratum (NAS) procedure in a wireless network by a UE. The method includes detecting that a last running first timer is stopped or expired. Further, the method includes performing a deregistration procedure by sending a deregistration request message to a network entity in the wireless network when the last running first timer is stopped or expired. Further, the method includes starting a second timer. Further, the method includes determining that the deregistration procedure is not successful in first attempt. Further, the method includes aborting the ongoing deregistration procedure upon determining that the deregistration procedure is not successful in the first attempt. The method can be used to ensure that the UE registers over higher priority PLMN without any delay and extra signalling.