Abstract: A method and system for converting an aqueous salt containing sludge into gases and a solid residue is described. The sludge is pyrolyzed and gasified with the assistance of microwave radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a rotating packed bed, RPB, for mass transfer between a sorbent and a gas, the RPB comprising: a central chamber arranged to receive a flow of a sorbent that is a liquid; and a flow path for the sorbent between the central chamber and a region for mass transfer between a gas and the sorbent; wherein, in use, the flow of sorbent through the region for mass transfer is substantially in cross-flow with the flow of gas through the region for mass transfer. Advantageously, mass transfer between a liquid sorbent and a gas is improved.

Abstract: A method and system for converting an aqueous salt containing sludge into gases and a solid residue is described. The sludge is pyrolyzed and gasified with the assistance of microwave radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a rotating packed bed, RPB, for mass transfer between a sorbent and a gas, the RPB comprising: a central chamber arranged to receive a flow of a sorbent that is a liquid; and a flow path for the sorbent between the central chamber and a region for mass transfer between a gas and the sorbent; wherein, in use, the flow of sorbent through the region for mass transfer is substantially in cross-flow with the flow of gas through the region for mass transfer. Advantageously, mass transfer between a liquid sorbent and a gas is improved.

Abstract: A method and device for sustainable, simultaneous production of energy in the forms electricity, hydrogen gas and heat from a carbonaceous gas, the method having the following steps: 1. continuously dividing a feed charge of carbonaceous gas into a first feed gas flow and a second feed gas flow, 2. charging the first feed gas flow to a primary SOFC to produce electricity and heat and CO2, 3. charging the other feed gas flow, to a hydrogen gas forming reactor system to produce hydrogen and CO2, 4. heating the hydrogen gas forming system at least partially by heat developed in at least one SOFC, 5. optionally capturing the CO2 formed in the primary SOFC by burning the “afterburner” gases in pure oxygen and drying the exhaust gas, 6. capturing the CO2 formed in the hydrogen gas forming reactor system by use of an absorbent.

Abstract: A power generation apparatus comprises a fuel cell and a reforming module, wherein the reforming module is adapted to reform hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and other components, and to separate the hydrogen from the other components. The apparatus is arranged so that the hydrogen is fed from the reforming module to the anode of the fuel cell. Carbon dioxide may be separated in the reforming module. Hydrogen may be recycled from the anode outflow back to the anode and/or tapped off. The apparatus may also contain a desorption module for releasing carbon dioxide. The absorption and release of carbon dioxide may be integrated and the carbon dioxide absorbent and/or desorbent may be recycled. Components of the apparatus may be thermally integrated. The apparatus may be used to generate electricity and produce hydrogen.

Abstract: An integrated reformer and combustion apparatus for use in a fuel cell system comprises at least one reformer plate (3) at which in use a reforming reaction can take place and at least one combustion plate (1) at which in use a combustion reaction can take place. The plates are arranged in a stack such that the reformer plates (3) and combustion plates (1) are interspersed. The apparatus is arranged such that in use a reforming reaction and a combustion reaction can take place simultaneously, the combustion reaction providing heat for the reforming reaction. A further fluid circuit (19, 29) may be provided in thermal communication with at least one of the reformer unit and the combustion unit so as to allow the temperature of that unit to be controlled.

Abstract: A method and device for sustainable, simultaneous production of energy in the forms electricity, hydrogen gas and heat from a carbonaceous gas, the method having the following steps: 1. continuously dividing a feed charge of carbonaceous gas into a first feed gas flow and a second feed gas flow, 2. charging the first feed gas flow to a primary SOFC to produce electricity and heat and CO2, 3. charging the other feed gas flow, to a hydrogen gas forming reactor system to produce hydrogen and CO2, 4. heating the hydrogen gas forming system at least partially by heat developed in at least one SOFC, 5. optionally capturing the CO2 formed in the primary SOFC by burning the “afterburner” gases in pure oxygen and drying the exhaust gas, 6. capturing the CO2 formed in the hydrogen gas forming reactor system by use of an absorbent.

Abstract: A power generation apparatus comprises a fuel cell and a reforming module, wherein the reforming module is adapted to reform hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and other components, and to separate the hydrogen from the other components. The apparatus is arranged so that the hydrogen is fed from the reforming module to the anode of the fuel cell. Carbon dioxide may be separated in the reforming module. Hydrogen may be recycled from the anode outflow back to the anode and/or tapped off. The apparatus may also contain a desorption module for releasing carbon dioxide. The absorption and release of carbon dioxide may be integrated and the carbon dioxide absorbent and/or desorbent may be recycled. Components of the apparatus may be thermally integrated. The apparatus may be used to generate electricity and produce hydrogen.

Abstract: An integrated reformer and combustion apparatus for use in a fuel cell system comprises at least one reformer plate (3) at which in use a reforming reaction can take place and at least one combustion plate (1) at which in use a combustion reaction can take place. The plates are arranged in a stack such that the reformer plates (3) and combustion plates (1) are interspersed. The apparatus is arranged such that in use a reforming reaction and a combustion reaction can take place simultaneously, the combustion reaction providing heat for the reforming reaction. A further fluid circuit (19, 29) may be provided in thermal communication with at least one of the reformer unit and the combustion unit so as to allow the temperature of that unit to be controlled.

Abstract: A power generation apparatus comprises a fuel cell and a reforming module, wherein the reforming module is adapted to reform hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and other components, and to separate said hydrogen from said other components. The apparatus is arranged so that said hydrogen is fed from the reforming module to the anode of the fuel cell. Carbon dioxide may be separated in the reforming module. Hydrogen may be recycled from the anode outflow back to the anode and/or tapped off. The apparatus may also contain a desorption module for releasing carbon dioxide. The absorption and release of carbon dioxide may be integrated and the carbon dioxide absorbent and/or desorbent may be recycled. Components of the apparatus may be thermally integrated. The apparatus may be used to generate electricity and produce hydrogen.