Abstract: A transdermal permeant delivery system for delivery of at least one permeant into a tissue membrane of a subject comprises a filament array having a plurality of filaments that are disposed in a poration area and configured to deliver thermal energy to the tissue membrane to form a plurality of micropores; a applicator electrically connected to the filament array and configured to supply electrical energy to the filaments in order to create the plurality of micropores in the micropore area; and a patch configured for application on the micropore area and for releaseably containing at least one permeant. Method of treatment comprise using the transdermal permeant delivery system to administered a permeant in the form of a drug to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling energy delivered for thermal ablation. An apparatus may include a conductive member comprising an array of conductive filaments, a power supply configured to provide the current to the conductive/resistive member in a plurality of electrical pulses, and a processing circuit coupled to the power supply. The processing circuit is configured to control the supply current value to be greater than or equal to a first current density and less than or equal to a second current density, and control the pulse length to be greater than or equal to a first pulse length and less than a second pulse length, control the supply current value to have a third current density at a first time and a fourth current density at a second time.