Abstract: A pressure vessel apparatus according to exemplary aspects includes: a branched tube comprising a tube main body and three branches, wherein a side branch of the branches comprises a flared out portion connected to the tube main body; a liquid inlet opening disposed at a first branch of the branched tube; a liquid outlet opening disposed at a second branch of the branched tube; a gas inlet opening disposed at a third branch of the branched tube, wherein the third branch is the side branch; and a cover plate configured to mount a valve actuating mechanism in the branched tube, the cover plate configured to be joined to the branched tube at the third branch.

Abstract: A pressure vessel apparatus according to exemplary aspects includes: a branched tube comprising a tube main body and three branches, wherein a side branch of the branches comprises a flared out portion connected to the tube main body; a liquid inlet opening disposed at a first branch of the branched tube; a liquid outlet opening disposed at a second branch of the branched tube; a gas inlet opening disposed at a third branch of the branched tube, wherein the third branch is the side branch; and a cover plate configured to mount a valve actuating mechanism in the branched tube, the cover plate configured to be joined to the branched tube at the third branch.

Abstract: Pivotable jigs or tables facilitate inversion or reciprocation of one or more well plates relative to a dry DNA transfer sheet to effect deposit of DNA gene solution as spaced spots on the surface of the transfer media sequentially to produce after drying of the DNA gene solution spots transfer of the dry DNA material from the spots by forcible impact or rubbing pressure through a printing mechanism of minute dry DNA dots onto a test substrate such as a glass plate for subsequent analysis optically via fluorescent labels to determine the presence or absence of mutations and a further identification of the mutation itself.

Abstract: A snap-over toggle linkage valve actuating mechanism for alternately opening and closing a gas inlet valve and a gas outlet valve utilizes a plurality of stiff compression coil springs of an axial length preferably less than four times the coil turn diameter mounted between oppositely facing end plates, with the compression coil ends carried by circular bosses symmetrically positioned on the faces of the opposing faces of the end plates bearing the coil springs and constituting a second toggle link for the snap-over valve actuating mechanism. A gas pressure and a vent valve assembly consists of a valve actuator rod operatively coupled to the first toggle link and terminating in a right angle valve actuator plate fixed thereto at an off center lateral position. The valve actuator plate detachably mounts a valve stem of a poppet type vent valve whose large diameter plug seats in a chamfered valve seat radially outward of a combined guide plate and valve seat.

Abstract: A mechanical cycle counter incorporates a cast aluminum, thermal isolating upwardly open connector coupled to a steam powered cyclic actuator depending stainless steel cylinder closed off at opposite ends by stainless steel end caps. A disk-like piston slides interiorly of the cylinder and is extended by a piston rod upwardly through the cylinder and through a hole within the bottom of the connector. A mechanical counter oscillation arm rotates approximately sixty degrees and is mounted to a shaft bearing a plurality of rotary wheels. A horizontal portion of the oscillation arm is in the path of the projecting end of the piston rod. A chamber beneath the piston and above the lower end cap receives steam. A stainless steel coil spring concentrically surrounds the piston rod and has one end abutting the piston and the opposite end abutting the upper end cap.

Abstract: A toggle linkage over-center mechanism employs first and second solid, metal links having facing axial ends pivoted to each other for pivoting about a first axis, the first link is pivotably coupled at one end to the fixed support for pivoting about a second pivot axis. The second link has an opposite axial end pivotably coupled about a third axis to an element for causing over-center movement of the pivotably coupled first and second links through a center line defined by the first and third pivot axes. Tension coil springs having opposite ends are pivotably coupled to respective outboard ends of the pivotably coupled first and second links. One of the rigid metal links is adjustable over its length to preload the tension coil springs to a sufficient magnitude to maintain preload tension within the over-center toggle linkage mechanism over the full range of movement of the toggle links between oppositely oblique over-center positions.

Abstract: A snap-over toggle linkage valve actuating mechanism for alternately opening and closing a gas inlet valve and a gas outlet valve, has a pair of spring preload arms pivotably mounted to a fixed mainframe within a sealed pressure vessel for pivoting about a first pivot axis. A first toggle link is pivoted at a first end to the mainframe about the pivot axis A. A second toggle link preferably a compression coil spring under precompression is pivoted at one end about a second pivot axis C parallel to the first pivot axis A on said pair of spring preload arms. The second end of the first toggle link is pivoted to a second end of the second toggle link for pivoting about a third axis B parallel to axes A and C.

Abstract: A drive shaft mounted for rotation about its axis within a gate valve casing terminates, internally within a valve chamber, in a radial arm which couples to a valve disk. The disk seats on the valve casing and is movable between an overlying position relative to an outlet part and an angularly displaced position such that the outlet port is wholly uncovered. A valve inlet port is aligned with the shaft, on the opposite side of the radial arm and the shaft is extended by a hollow, open frame cylindrical cage which terminates in a ring rotably mounted to the valve casing about the inlet port. The cage ring is connected to the bottom of the arm in line with the shaft via multiple, circumferentially spaced, feed fins forming radial windows permitting the inlet flow to be deflected radially with the shaft dissipating the force of the incoming fluid. The feed fins purge the valve chamber when rotating during valve opening and closing.

Abstract: A pair of spaced rotatable shafts are mounted within a housing. A linear motor mounted to the housing has a reciprocating piston within a double action piston chamber whose piston rod projects from the piston. Both shafts are fixed directly to axially aligned rotary valve stems, to opposite sides of the reciprocating piston rod. A pin coupled to the end of the piston rod projects through longitudinal slots within radial arms fixed to respective shafts at different levels and rotating with the shafts. Equal sized gears mounted to the shafts are in peripheral mesh such that the shafts rotate in unison. The mechanism eliminates side thrust on the piston and piston rod, doubles the valve breakout forces applied to the rotary valve member and eliminates the need for an outboard bushing for a piston rod extension beyond its connection to the paired shafts.

Abstract: A snap-over toggle linkage valve actuating mechanism for alternately opening and closing a gas inlet valve and a gas outlet valve, has a pair of spring preload arms pivotably mounted to a fixed mainframe within a sealed pressure vessel for pivoting about a first pivot axis. A first toggle link is pivoted at a first end to the mainframe about the pivot axis A. A second toggle link preferably a compression coil spring under precompression is pivoted at one end about a second pivot axis C parallel to the first pivot axis A on said pair of spring preload arms. The second end of the first toggle link is pivoted to a second end of the second toggle link for pivoting about a third axis B parallel to axes A and C.