Abstract: In a method for diagnosing an internal combustion engine having first and second fuel injectors, if a misfire is detected, the following steps are performed in sequence: a first fuel quantity of the fuel is introduced only by the first fuel injector; a check is performed to determine whether a misfire results from the introduction of a first fuel quantity in the first step; a second fuel quantity of the fuel is introduced only by the second fuel injector; a check is performed to determine whether a misfire results from the introduction of the second fuel quantity in the third step; and an engine error is diagnosed if a misfire was detected in the second or in the fourth step.

Abstract: In a method for detecting a running internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle, the internal combustion engine, as a first drive unit, and a second drive unit contribute toward driving the hybrid vehicle. To determine reliably whether the internal combustion engine is running during hybrid operation, an interference signal is actively introduced into the ongoing operating sequence of the internal combustion engine, and the response of the internal combustion engine to this interference signal is evaluated. If there is no response of the internal combustion engine, it is concluded that the internal combustion engine is not operating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for adapting mechanical tolerances of a timing wheel of a sensor unit of an internal combustion engine of a hybrid drive of a vehicle, the hybrid drive having at least one second motor, in particular an electric motor, in addition to the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine being operated in a desired operating mode during adaptation operation. It is provided that the desired operating mode is performed in such a way that the internal combustion engine is driven using the second motor, in particular an electric motor, and no fuel is supplied to the internal combustion engine. A corresponding device is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method for diagnosing an internal combustion engine having first and second fuel injectors, if a misfire is detected, the following steps are performed in sequence: a first fuel quantity of the fuel is introduced only by the first fuel injector; a check is performed to determine whether a misfire results from the introduction of a first fuel quantity in the first step; a second fuel quantity of the fuel is introduced only by the second fuel injector; a check is performed to determine whether a misfire results from the introduction of the second fuel quantity in the third step; and an engine error is diagnosed if a misfire was detected in the second or in the fourth step.

Abstract: A method for extruding a profile or a similar billet from a bolt or bar that is guided in a recipient bore of a recipient and that is extruded by an extrusion die through a shaping section of a shaping tool. Once the front face of the bar is placed on the rear surface of a preceding bar, air or similar flowing agents present on the surfaces are discharged during pressure build-up in an approximately radial relation together with the contaminations that are present in detached form on the transversal bur surface. During pressure build-up, parts of the transversal burs are radially displaced; the displaced parts of the traversal bur surface are discharged on the periphery in an approximately radial relation before the bar enters the shaping tool. To achieve this, a welding chamber or pre-chamber is disposed in the direction of extrusion (x) in a gap that can be adjusted between the recipient and the shaping tool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monochromator on the basis of Wien filters. According to a first aspect, four Wien filters are arranged in series along a common optical axis of which the two center Wien filters are each rotated by 90° relative to the two outer Wien filters. The two center Wien filters (W2, W3) are orientated simultaneously anti-parallel to each other. Such a monochromator has inherent stigmatic imaging characteristics and is, as a unit, free of dispersion. According to a further aspect, each of the Wien filters is configured symmetrically with reference to a 90° rotation about the optical axis. The magnetic and the electrostatic poles of the Wien filter are identically dimensioned so that the orientation of the Wien filter azimuthally about the optical axis (OA) can be varied by a corresponding drive of the particular contacts for the voltage supply and current supply of the electrodes and coils.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monochromator on the basis of Wien filters. According to a first aspect, four Wien filters are arranged in series along a common optical axis of which the two center Wien filters are each rotated by 90° relative to the two outer Wien filters. The two center Wien filters (W2, W3) are orientated simultaneously anti-parallel to each other. Such a monochromator has inherent stigmatic imaging characteristics and is, as a unit, free of dispersion. According to a further aspect, each of the Wien filters is configured symmetrically with reference to a 90° rotation about the optical axis. The magnetic and the electrostatic poles of the Wien filter are identically dimensioned so that the orientation of the Wien filter azimuthally about the optical axis (OA) can be varied by a corresponding drive of the particular contacts for the voltage supply and current supply of the electrodes and coils.