Abstract: A method for determining at least one parameter for vaporization in an inhaler comprising a vaporizer, based upon resistive heating, and an electronic control device is characterized in that the electronic control device is configured to carry out the following initialization procedure—in particular, after a replacement of a vaporizer cartridge in the inhaler: outputting an inhalation request to a user of the inhaler; in the case of a puff taken by the user following the inhalation request, operating the vaporizer with a comparatively to low vaporization capacity P, and recording a time measurement series of an electrical parameter of the vaporizer; determining a transition point ÜP between a region of low vaporization and a region of high vaporization in the recorded time measurement series; determining and storing at least one parameter associated with the initialization procedure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vaporisation device for an electronic inhaler, comprising a vaporiser having a thermally conductive substrate, wherein a plurality of continuous channels extend through the substrate from an inlet side to an outlet side of the substrate, and an electrical resistance heating element. The resistance heating element is arranged on one side of the substrate, consists of a material with higher electrical conductivity than the material of the substrate and has passage openings communicating with the channels of the substrate.

Abstract: Contact-force-sensing systems that can provide additional information about the forces that are applied by catheters and other devices to cell walls and other surfaces. One example can provide directional information for a contact-force-sensing system. For example, magnitude, plane angle, and off-plane angle information can be provided by a contact-force-sensing system. Another example can provide guiding functionality for a contact-force-sensing system. For example, a contact-force-sensing system can provide tactile response to a surgeon or operator to allow a device to be accurately guided though a body.

Abstract: Contact-force-sensing systems that can provide additional information about the forces that are applied by catheters and other devices to cell walls and other surfaces. One example can provide directional information for a contact-force-sensing system. For example, magnitude, plane angle, and off-plane angle information can be provided by a contact-force-sensing system. Another example can provide guiding functionality for a contact-force-sensing system. For example, a contact-force-sensing system can provide tactile response to a surgeon or operator to allow a device to be accurately guided though a body.