Abstract: A valve assembly (1) comprising: a common housing having a first side (8a), a second side (8b), an inlet port (2) and an outlet port (3); the valve assembly (1) comprising a first pair of valve members or poppets (4a, 4c) and a second pair of valve members or poppets (4b, 4d), a first pair of valve seats (5a, 5c) for cooperation with the first pair of valve members or poppets (4a, 4c), and a second pair of valve seats (5b, 5d) for cooperation with the second pair of valve members or poppets (4b, 4d); a central flow diverter (13c) disposed in between the first pair of valve members or poppets (4a, 4c) and the second pair of valve seats (5b, 5d), the central flow diverter (13c) defining a first side (11a) of the valve assembly (1) and a second side (11b) of the valve assembly (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing lithium zirconium phosphate by means of flame spray pyrolysis using as precursors lithium and zirconium carboxylates containing 5 to 20 carbon atoms, an organic phosphate, and a solvent containing less than 10% by weight water. Lithium zirconium phosphate obtainable by this process can be used in lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: A valve assembly (1) comprising: a common housing having a first side (8a), a second side (8b), an inlet port (2) and an outlet port (3); the valve assembly (1) comprising a first pair of valve members or poppets (4a, 4c) and a second pair of valve members or poppets (4b, 4d ), a first pair of valve seats (5a, 5c) for cooperation with the first pair of valve members or poppets (4a, 4c), and a second pair of valve seats (5b, 5d) for cooperation with the second pair of valve members or poppets (4b, 4d ); a central flow diverter (13c) disposed in between the first pair of valve members or poppets (4a, 4c) and the second pair of valve seats (5b, 5d), the central flow diverter (13c) defining a first side (11a) of the valve assembly (1) and a second side (11b) of the valve assembly (1).

Abstract: A process may produce mixed oxides including lithium, zirconium, and optionally at least one other than Li and Zr metal, by flame spray pyrolysis. Mixed oxides are obtainable by such a process. Such mixed oxides may be used in lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing lithium zirconium mixed oxides by means of flame spray pyrolysis, mixed oxides obtainable by this process and their use in lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: A process for producing a metal oxide powder by flame spray pyrolysis where a) a stream of a solution containing at least one oxidizable or hydrolysable metal compound is atomized to afford an aerosol by means of an atomizer gas, b) this aerosol is brought to reaction in the reaction space of the reactor with a flame obtained by ignition of a mixture of fuel gas and air, c) the reaction stream is cooled and d) the solid product is subsequently removed from the reaction stream, wherein e) the reaction space comprises one or more successive double-walled internals, wherein the wall of the double-walled internal facing the flame-conducting region of the reaction space comprises at least one slot through which a gas or vapour is introduced into the reaction space in which the flame is burning and f) the slot is arranged such that this gas or vapour brings about a rotation of the flame.

Abstract: An example control unit may include: a processor; an output device; a valve element; an actuator; and a sensor for the position of the valve element. The valve cycles and the processor records a first signal to measure a position of the valve element. The valve cycles and the processor records a second signal to measure a position of the valve element. The processor calculates a degree of wear based on the first value and the second value and the second number of valve cycles. The processor compares the degree of wear to a predefined threshold value and generates an output signal if the degree of wear exceeds the predefined threshold value.

Abstract: Process for producing a tungsten oxide powder or a tungsten mixed oxide powder of general formula MxWO3, wherein M=Na, K, Rb, Li and/or Cs, 0.1?x?0.5, comprising the consecutive steps of: a) providing a solution comprising respectively at least one tungsten compound and optionally at least one M-comprising compound in a concentration corresponding to the stoichiometry MxWO3, b) atomizing the solution, thus forming an aerosol, into a reaction space, c) reacting the aerosol in the reaction space with a hydrogen/oxygen flame for which the expression 1<O2,primary/0.5H2?3 applies, wherein the reaction space is configured such that it comprises two reaction zones with two different velocities of the reaction mixture v1 and v2 where v2=0.3-0.8 v1 and 0.5?v1?10 Nm/s, d) separating the solid from vaporous or gaseous substances and e) passing a reducing gas stream over the separated solid at a temperature of 450-700° C.

Abstract: A process for producing a metal oxide powder by flame spray pyrolysis where a) a stream of a solution containing at least one oxidizable or hydrolysable metal compound is atomized to afford an aerosol by means of an atomizer gas, b) this aerosol is brought to reaction in the reaction space of the reactor with a flame obtained by ignition of a mixture of fuel gas and air, c) the reaction stream is cooled and d) the solid product is subsequently removed from the reaction stream, wherein e) the reaction space comprises one or more successive double-walled internals, wherein the wall of the double-walled internal facing the flame-conducting region of the reaction space comprises at least one slot through which a gas or vapour is introduced into the reaction space in which the flame is burning and f) the slot is arranged such that this gas or vapour brings about a rotation of the flame.

Abstract: Process for producing metal oxide powders by means of flame spray pyrolysis, in which an aerosol comprising a metal compound is introduced into a flame in a reactor and reacted therein, and the metal oxide powder obtained is separated from gaseous substances, wherein a) the flame is formed by the ignition of an oxygen-containing gas (1) with a fuel gas, b) the aerosol is obtained by joint atomization of a solution containing a metal compound and an atomization gas by means of one or more nozzles and c) the ratio of the spray area to the cross-sectional reactor area is at least 0.2.

Abstract: An example control unit may include: a processor; an output device; a valve element; an actuator; and a sensor for the position of the valve element. The valve cycles and the processor records a first signal to measure a position of the valve element. The valve cycles and the processor records a second signal to measure a position of the valve element. The processor calculates a degree of wear based on the first value and the second value and the second number of valve cycles. The processor compares the degree of wear to a predefined threshold value and generates an output signal if the degree of wear exceeds the predefined threshold value.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for diagnosing a valve assembly having valve members serially arranged along a flow channel of the valve assembly connecting at least one inlet and at least one outlet of the valve assembly. All of the serially arranged valve members of the valve assembly are opended to allow fluid to flow through the flow channel. The flow of fluid through the flow channel is measured by at least one sensor. At least one of the valve members is openend, and at least one sensor checks for fluid leakage caused by at least one faulted valve member. The at least one sensor may include a flow sensor, e.g., a mass flow sensor.

Abstract: Process for producing metal oxide powders by means of flame spray pyrolysis, in which an aerosol comprising a metal compound is introduced into a flame in a reactor and reacted therein, and the metal oxide powder obtained is separated from gaseous substances, wherein a) the flame is formed by the ignition of an oxygen-containing gas (1) with a fuel gas, b) the aerosol is obtained by joint atomization of a solution containing a metal compound and an atomization gas by means of one or more nozzles and c) the ratio of the spray area to the cross-sectional reactor area is at least 0.2.

Abstract: A pulverulent cathode material contains at least one mixed oxide containing the metal components Li, at least one further metal component selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni and Co. The pulverulent cathode material is produced by a process in which an ammonia-containing aerosol containing metal compound of the metal components is converted in a high-temperature zone of a reaction space and then the solids are removed.

Abstract: A process for producing a metal oxide powder proceeds by spray pyrolysis, in which a mixture comprising ammonia and an aerosol which is obtained by atomizing a solution containing a metal compound by means of an atomization gas is introduced into a high-temperature zone of a reaction space and reacted in an oxygen-containing atmosphere therein and the solids are subsequently separated off.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for diagnosing a valve assembly having valve members serially arranged along a flow channel of the valve assembly connecting at least one inlet and at least one outlet of the valve assembly. All of the serially arranged valve members of the valve assembly are opended to allow fluid to flow through the flow channel. The flow of fluid through the flow channel is measured by at least one sensor. At least one of the valve members is openend, and at least one sensor checks for fluid leakage caused by at least one faulted valve member. The at least one sensor may include a flow sensor, e.g., a mass flow sensor.

Abstract: Iron-silicon oxide particles with a core-shell structure, which have a) a BET-surface area of 10 to 80 m2/g, b) a thickness of the shell of 2 to 30 nm and c) a content of iron oxide of 60 to 90% by weight, of silicon dioxide of 10 to 40% by weight, based in each case on the enveloped particles, where d) the proportion of iron, silicon and oxygen is at least 99% by weight, based on the enveloped particles, and where e) the core is crystalline and the iron oxides comprise haematite, magnetite and maghemite, f) the shell consists of amorphous silicon dioxide and g) at least one compound or a plurality of compounds consisting of the elements silicon, iron and oxygen is/are present between shell and core.

Abstract: Iron-silicon oxide particles with a core-shell structure, which have a) a BET-surface area of 10 to 80 m2/g, b) a thickness of the shell of 2 to 30 nm and c) a content of iron oxide of 60 to 90% by weight, of silicon dioxide of 10 to 40% by weight, based in each case on the enveloped particles, where d) the proportion of iron, silicon and oxygen is at least 99% by weight, based on the enveloped particles, and where e) the core is crystalline and the iron oxides comprise haematite, magnetite and maghemite, f) the shell consists of amorphous silicon dioxide and g) at least one compound or a plurality of compounds consisting of the elements silicon, iron and oxygen is/are present between shell and core.