Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a purified carbon black with a reduced content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The process includes (a) providing a carbon black including an initial content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, (b) treating the carbon black including an initial content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with an extraction agent including carbon dioxide in a supercritical state to extract at least a portion of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the carbon black, and (c) removing the extraction agent including the extracted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the carbon black to obtain a purified carbon black with a lower content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons than the initial content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It is furthermore provided a carbon black obtained through said production process and articles made therefrom.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a functionalized carbon black obtained by treating an oxidized carbon black with a sulfur-containing primary or secondary amine or a salt thereof. The disclosure also relates to a process for preparing such functionalized carbon black. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates a vulcanizable rubber composition including (i) a vulcanizable rubber component, and (ii) an oxidized carbon black and (iii) a sulfur-containing primary or secondary amine or a salt thereof, or a functionalized carbon black formed from these components. The disclosure also concerns an article made from the vulcanizable rubber composition. The functionalized carbon blacks disclosed herein are particularly useful for obtaining rubber compounds with low hysteresis and enhanced abrasion resistance, e.g. for the production of energy-saving tires.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for reducing fouling in tubes of a heat exchanger and heat exchangers including such anti-fouling device(s). The anti-fouling device includes an elongated displacement body insertable in the heat exchanger tube to reduce the flow cross-sectional area in a portion of the tube. It further includes a mount connected to the elongated displacement body for attaching the device to an end of the heat exchanger tube. The mount is configured to hold the displacement body, when inserted into the tube, in a spaced relationship to the inner surface of the tube. The disclosed anti-fouling devices effectively reduces fouling in heat exchangers in a reliable manner over an extended period of time without requiring maintenance or external controls, can be provided at relatively low cost, is easily installable and can be retrofitted also to existing heat exchangers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace black having a STSA surface area of at 130 m2/g to 350 m2/g wherein the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.1 if the STSA surface area is in the range of 130 m2/g to 150 m2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.2 if the STSA surface area is greater than 150 m2/g to 180 m2g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.3 if the STSA surface area i greater than 180 m2/g; and the STSA surface area and the BET surface area are measured according to ASTM D 6556 and to a furnace process wherein the stoichiometric ratio of combustible material to O2 when forming a combustion gas stream is adjusted to obtain a k factor of less than 1.2 and the inert gas concentration in the reactor is increased while limiting the CO2 amount fed to the reactor. Also provided is an apparatus for conducting the process according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace black having a STSA surface area of at 130 m2/g to 350 m2/g wherein the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.1 if the STSA surface area is in the range of 130 m2/g to 150 m2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.2 if the STSA surface area is greater than 150 m2/g to 180 m2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.3 if the STSA surface area is greater than 180 m2/g, and the STSA surface area and the BET surface area are measured according to ASTM D 6556 and to a furnace process wherein the stoichiometric ratio of combustible material to O2 when forming a combustion gas stream is adjusted to obtain a k factor of less than 1.2 and the inert gas concentration in the reactor is increased while limiting the CO2 amount fed to the reactor. Also provided is an apparatus for conducting the process according to the present invention.

Abstract: Suggested is a carbon black composition showing a narrow Aggregate Size Distribution (ASD) characterized by a ?D50/Dmode value of about 0.58 to about 0.65 and a Relative Span (D90?D10)/D50 of about 0.5 to about 0.8, which is obtainable by means of a modified furnace reactor. The composition shows superior additive performance and allows producing e.g. bus or truck tires with improved wear resistance and reinforcement.

Abstract: Suggested is a carbon black composition showing a narrow Aggregate Size Distribution (ASD) characterized by a ?D50/Dmode value of about 0.58 to about 0.65 and a Relative Span (D90-D10)/D50 of about 0.5 to about 0.8, which is obtainable by means of a modified furnace reactor. The composition shows superior additive performance and allows producing e.g. bus or truck tires with improved wear resistance and reinforcement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace black having a STSA surface area of at 130 m2/g to 350 m2/g wherein the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.1 if the STSA surface area is in the range of 130 m2/g to 150 m2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.2 if the STSA surface area is greater than 150 m2/g to 180 m2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.3 if the STSA surface area is greater than 180 m2/g, and the STSA surface area and the BET surface area are measured according to ASTM D 6556 and to a furnace process wherein the stoichiometric ratio of combustible material to O2 when forming a combustion gas stream is adjusted to obtain a k factor of less than 1.2 and the inert gas concentration in the reactor is increased while limiting the CO2 amount fed to the reactor. Also provided is an apparatus for conducting the process according to the present invention.

Abstract: Suggested is a carbon black composition showing a narrow Aggregate Size Distribution (ASD) characterized by a ?D50/Dmode value of about 0.58 to about 0.65 and a Relative Span (D90-D10)/D50 of about 0.5 to about 0.8, which is obtainable by means of a modified furnace reactor. The composition shows superior additive performance and allows producing e.g. bus or truck tires with improved wear resistance and reinforcement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carbon black with a CTAB surface area of from 20 to 49 m2/g, with a COAN greater than 90 ml/(100 g), and with a sum of OAN and COAN greater than 235 ml/(100 g). The carbon black is produced in a furnace reactor, where from 20 to 55% by weight of the feedstock used for the carbon black are introduced radially through a nozzle within the first third of the reaction zone, and the remaining amount of the feedstock used for the carbon black is introduced through a nozzle upstream at least one further point into the reactor. The carbon black can be used in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carbon black with a CTAB surface area of from 20 to 49 m2/g, with a COAN greater than 90 ml/(100 g), and with a sum of OAN and COAN greater than 235 ml/(100 g). The carbon black is produced in a furnace reactor, where from 20 to 55% by weight of the feedstock used for the carbon black are introduced radially through a nozzle within the first third of the reaction zone, and the remaining amount of the feedstock used for the carbon black is introduced through a nozzle upstream at least one further point into the reactor. The carbon black can be used in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: An electromechanical switching device of at least one embodiment includes fixed contacts securely arranged in a housing and a moving contact bridge for bridging the fixed contacts, a moving contact carrier to carry the contact bridge, and a solenoid to act on the contact carrier. In at least one embodiment the solenoid includes a coil body fixed to the housing, an armature coupled to the contact carrier so as to move with it, a yoke to act together with the armature, and a fixing mechanism, which engages with the yoke and coil body for fixing the yoke to the coil body.

Abstract: An electromechanical switching device of at least one embodiment includes fixed contacts securely arranged in a housing and a moving contact bridge for bridging the fixed contacts, a moving contact carrier to carry the contact bridge, and a solenoid to act on the contact carrier. In at least one embodiment the solenoid includes a coil body fixed to the housing, an armature coupled to the contact carrier so as to move with it, a yoke to act together with the armature, and a fixing mechanism, which engages with the yoke and coil body for fixing the yoke to the coil body.

Abstract: A device for connecting two tubular pipe sections. A sealing device is arranged between the pipe sections. At their ends, the pipe sections in each case have a flange-type end piece. The pipe sections are held together by a spring device using a pre-tensioning force, the spring device having a mid-section extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections. The spring device has a spring element, from whose transverse sides of the mid-section, which extend at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the pipe sections, spring limbs extend. Forming an at least approximate U-shape with the mid-section, the spring limbs extend at least partially over the periphery of the pipe sections, the spring limps each having a centrical cut-out that is adapted to the outside diameter of the pipe sections and in which a pipe section is accommodated in each case in the mounted state of the spring element.

Abstract: A device for connecting two tubular piping parts, in particular piping parts in a motor vehicle exhaust system, has two connector pieces with a sealing device being mounted between the connector pieces. The connector pieces are stressed against each other in axial direction by a spring device. The spring device has a wire spring which surrounds one connector piece at least partially with two spring branches and is supported by this connector piece. The wire spring is stressed against a stop on the other connector with the spring branches or another area of the wire spring.

Abstract: In an arrangement for interconnecting two exhaust pipe sections of a motor vehicle exhaust system with a vibration dampening structure disposed between the two pipe sections, a first one of the pipe sections has a coupling member radially extending therefrom and the second pipe section has a coupling structure connected to the coupling member in a circumferentially elastic fashion so as to permit limited relative rotation between the two pipe sections.

Abstract: In an arrangement for joining tubular duct sections, especially the end sections of pipes of a motor vehicle exhaust system, wherein the end sections are received in one another such that one end section extends around the other in spaced relationship with a seal structure disposed therebetween, the one end section has slots and a spring structure is inserted through the slots into the space between the pipe end sections and has spring legs disposed in the space between the pipe end sections in engagement with the pipe end sections for holding them in firm axial engagement with each other and with the seal structure disposed between the pipe end sections.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled, four-valve cylinder head for a multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine comprises a casting having a cooling-fluid space between the cylinder-head bottom and a cylinder-head cover in which supporting struts are arranged for reinforcing the cylinder-head bottom, valve channels of gas-reversing valves and chambers for receiving secondary combustion spaces. Above the cooling-fluid space is located a control space with guide housings for receiving the cup tappets for the actuation of the gas-reversing valves. In order to obtain a cylinder-head construction which is structurally rigid and nevertheless can easily be produced, the chambers are cast together with the valve channels within the cooling-fluid space. Further, the supporting struts are equipped with ribs projecting into adjacent combustion-space portions, and the lateral outer walls of the cylinder-head housing are connected to one another in the region of the control space by transverse booms.