Abstract: The disclosure relates to an alginate oligomer of 2 to 75 monomer residues, wherein said monomer residues do not carry a sulphate group, for use as a blood anticoagulant in clinical and non-clinical applications, including in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro contexts. The invention further provides for the use of such an alginate oligomer in preparing a product or device having a reduced capacity to promote blood coagulation, wherein said alginate oligomer is provided at or on a surface of said product or device. Such products and devices form a further aspect of the invention.

Abstract: A bacitracin-alginate oligomer conjugate including a bacitracin-class antibiotic connected covalently to at least one alginate oligomer via a direct covalent bond or a covalent molecular linker, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, diastereoisomer, tautomer, enantiomer or active metabolite thereof. Also provided are methods for the preparation of the conjugate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the conjugate and the use thereof in a method for the treatment or prevention of a bacterial infection in a subject with, suspected to have, or at risk of, a bacterial infection.

Abstract: An alginate oligomer for use in the anticoagulation therapy of a human or non-human vertebrate subject at risk of blood clots which have an abnormally dense microstructure. In certain embodiments, the incidence of blood clots which have an abnormally dense microstructure in the subject is reduced and/or the occurrence of blood clots which have an abnormally dense microstructure in the subject is inhibited and/or the abnormal microstructure of the subject's clots is normalized. Corresponding methods of anticoagulation therapy and products of use therein are further provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the treatment or prevention of microbial overgrowth in at least part of the intestinal tract of a subject, said method comprising administering an effective amount of an alginate oligomer to a subject in need thereof. Also provided is an alginate oligomer for use in the treatment or prevention of microbial overgrowth in at least part of the intestinal tract of a subject and a product containing an alginate oligomer and further pharmaceutical for the treatment of intestinal microbial overgrowth and/or a CFTR modulator as a combined preparation for separate, simultaneous or sequential use in the treatment or prevention of microbial overgrowth in at least part of the intestinal tract of a subject.

Abstract: Qualitative and quantitative methods are for the detection of alginate oligomers in body fluids based on analyzing the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of a body fluid sample, for example a sputum sample, at a specific wave number range and, more particularly, certain specific characteristic wavenumbers.

Abstract: Qualitative and quantitative methods are for the detection of alginate oligomers in body fluids based on analyzing the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of a body fluid sample, for example a sputum sample, at a specific wave number range and, more particularly, certain specific characteristic wavenumbers.

Abstract: A method of preparing spray dried particles for inhalation comprising providing: (i) an aqueous liquid composition including the alginate oligomer and an aqueous liquid composition including an anti-adherent compound, or (ii) an aqueous liquid composition including the alginate oligomer and an anti-adherent compound; providing an organic liquid composition including a phospholipid; combining a volume of the organic liquid composition with a volume of the aqueous liquid composition, wherein the total volume of the organic liquid composition is smaller than the total volume of the aqueous liquid composition with which it is combined, and wherein the total volume of aqueous liquid composition and said total volume of organic liquid composition are sufficient to provide a combination; homogenizing the combination to form an organic-in-aqueous liquid emulsion for spray drying; and spray drying the organic-in-aqueous liquid emulsion to form the spray dried particles for inhalation.

Abstract: A method for translocating a cationic micro/nanoparticle across a mucus layer, the method including (a) contacting the mucus layer with at least one alginate oligomer, the alginate oligomer having at least 70% mannuronate residues, together with the cationic micro/nanoparticle; or (b)(i) contacting the cationic micro/nanoparticle with an alginate oligomer having at least 70% mannuronate residues thereby forming a micro/nanoparticle carrying the alginate oligomer, and (b)(ii) contacting the mucus layer with the micro/nanoparticle prepared in step (b)(i).

Abstract: A method is for the treatment of a condition in a subject, which arises from or is associated with CFTR dysfunction. The method includes administering to the subject an effective amount of a CFTR modulator together with an effective amount of an alginate oligomer. The condition can be cystic fibrosis (CF), non-compound CFTR gene mutation heterozygosity, abnormal mucus clearance in the respiratory tract and/or breathing difficulties resulting from chronic particulate inhalation, COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, asthma or chronic sinusitis, or a complication of any of these.

Abstract: A method to determine the likelihood that a patient with cystic fibrosis will respond to treatment with an alginate oligomer. The method is based on analyzing the IR absorbance values and/or transmittance values, in particular a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum, of a mucus sample from the respiratory system of a CF patient at certain specific wavenumbers.

Abstract: A polymyxin-alginate oligomer conjugate including a polymyxin-class antibiotic connected covalently to at least one alginate oligomer via a direct covalent bond or a covalent molecular linker, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, diastereoisomer, tautomer, enantiomer or active metabolite thereof. Also provided are methods for the preparation of the conjugate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the conjugate and the use thereof in a method for the treatment or prevention of a bacterial infection in a subject with, suspected to have, or at risk of, a bacterial infection.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the treatment or prevention of microbial overgrowth in at least part of the intestinal tract of a subject, said method comprising administering an effective amount of an alginate oligomer to a subject in need thereof. Also provided is an alginate oligomer for use in the treatment or prevention of microbial overgrowth in at least part of the intestinal tract of a subject and a product containing an alginate oligomer and further pharmaceutical for the treatment of intestinal microbial overgrowth and/or a CFTR modulator as a combined preparation for separate, simultaneous or sequential use in the treatment or prevention of microbial overgrowth in at least part of the intestinal tract of a subject.

Abstract: Spray dried particles are for inhalation. The particles consist of (i) at least about 70% w/w of an alginate oligomer, (ii) at least about 10% w/w in total of a phospholipid and an anti-adherent compound. and (iii) no greater than about 10% w/w of further excipients. The phospholipid is solid at room temperature, and is present at no less than 0.5% w/w. The anti-adherent compound is present at no less than 0.5% w/w. The particles, capsules and dry powder inhalers including the particles can be for therapeutic use, such as in the treatment or reduction of likelihood of a respiratory infection or a respiratory disorder.

Abstract: A method is for the treatment of a condition in a subject, which arises from or is associated with CFTR dysfunction. The method includes administering to the subject an effective amount of a CFTR modulator together with an effective amount of an alginate oligomer. The condition can be cystic fibrosis (CF), non-compound CFTR gene mutation heterozygosity, abnormal mucus clearance in the respiratory tract and/or breathing difficulties resulting from chronic particulate inhalation, COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, asthma or chronic sinusitis, or a complication of any of these.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of overcoming resistance to at least one antibiotic in a multidrug resistant bacterium, said method comprising contacting said bacterium with an alginate oligomer together with the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant bacterium may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a multidrug resistant bacterium to overcome resistance to the antibiotic in said multidrug resistant bacterium. In another aspect the method can be used to combat contamination of a site with multidrug resistant bacteria, e.g. for disinfection and cleaning purposes.

Abstract: A method is for the treatment of a condition in a human patient arising from or associated with a defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ion channel and/or abnormal mucus which is attached to underlying epithelium. The method includes administering an alginate oligomer, in which at least 30% of the monomer residues of the alginate oligomer are G residues, to the patient in an amount sufficient to achieve a local concentration of the alginate oligomer of 1 to 6% w/v at at least part of a mucosal surface with a defective CFTR ion channel and/or the abnormal mucus in the patient.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an alginate oligomer of 2 to 75 monomer residues, wherein said monomer residues do not carry a sulphate group, for use as a blood anticoagulant in clinical and non-clinical applications, including in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro contexts. The invention further provides for the use of such an alginate oligomer in preparing a product or device having a reduced capacity to promote blood coagulation, wherein said alginate oligomer is provided at or on a surface of said product or device. Such products and devices form a further aspect of the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of overcoming resistance to at least one antibiotic in a multidrug resistant bacterium, said method comprising contacting said bacterium with an alginate oligomer together with the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant bacterium may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a multidrug resistant bacterium to overcome resistance to the antibiotic in said multidrug resistant bacterium. In another aspect the method can be used to combat contamination of a site with multidrug resistant bacteria, e.g. for disinfection and cleaning purposes.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to use of alginate oligomers to enhance the effects of antifungal agents. The invention provides a method to improve the efficacy of an antifungal agent against a fungus, said method comprising using said antifungal agent together with an alginate oligomer. The fungus may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antifungal agent in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a fungus. In another aspect the method can be used to combat fungal contamination of a site e.g., for disinfection and cleaning purposes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of overcoming resistance to at least one antibiotic in a multidrug resistant bacterium, said method comprising contacting said bacterium with an alginate oligomer together with the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant bacterium may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In one aspect the invention provides an alginate oligomer for use together with at least one antibiotic in treating a subject infected, suspected to be infected, or at risk of infection, with a multidrug resistant bacterium to overcome resistance to the antibiotic in said multidrug resistant bacterium. In another aspect the method can be used to combat contamination of a site with multidrug resistant bacteria, e.g. for disinfection and cleaning purposes.