Abstract: A lighting system for vehicle includes an LED light source, at least one waveguide having at refracting surface array configured to shape light received from the LED light source into a light pattern, and a projection lens configured to receive the light pattern and project it outwardly from the vehicle. A first waveguide may shape light received from the LED light source into a low beam light pattern. A second waveguide may shape light received from the LED light source into a high beam light pattern. Generation of the high beam light pattern may include shaping light received from the LED light source through both the first and a second waveguides. The one or more waveguides may also include one or more protrusions extending from the body of the waveguide that further shape the emitted light pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the power loss in a fiber optical connector of the type which includes an optical fiber for transmitting high optical power, specifically power exceeding 1 kW. Incident radiation falling outside the fiber core is absorbed at least partially in a flowing coolant. The connector includes thermo-elements for measuring a temperature difference between the ingoing and outgoing coolant as a measure of the generated power loss. The flow speed may be adapted to different power losses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and means for measuring the power loss in a fibre optical connector of the type which includes an optical fibre (3) for transmitting high optical power, specifically power exceeding 1 kW, and wherein incident radiation (1) falling outside the fiber core is absorbed at least partially in a flowing coolant (2). The connector comprises means, for instance thermo-elements (8), for measuring the temperature difference (&Dgr;T) between the in- and outgoing coolant as a measure of the generated power loss. Preferably the flow speed is adapted to different power losses.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the position of the focal point of a laser beam in a laser machining system in which the laser beam is transmitted via an optical fiber to the work-piece to be machined by the laser beam. The z coordinate position of the focal point is determined by a mirror for reflecting some of the laser radiation back towards the end surface of the optical fiber, and a detector is arranged between the laser and the outgoing fiber for measuring the radiation reflected back through the fiber.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable of the type comprising a fiber (3) having a central core and a surrounding cladding and made for transmitting optical high-power, specifically power exceeding 1 kW. At least one of the fiber ends is provided with cooling means for optical power loss comprising a cavity with a flowing coolant (2) surrounding the envelope surface of the fiber end. Incident radiation that falls outside the fiber comes into the coolant, preferably a liquid coolant such as water, where it is at least partially absorbed. At least one of the limiting wall surfaces of the cavity is completely or partially non-absorbing for the incident radiation, while the other limiting wall surfaces are arranged to absorb such radiaton that is still present and transmitted through the flowing coolant (2). As these surfaces are in direct contact with the coolant an efficient cooling is obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the determination of dose-level characteristics, such as physicochemical properties, functionality and/or quality, of a multiple unit system comprising a plurality of individual subunits (12). A number of said subunits (12) are individually analysed for obtaining precise characteristics for each individually analysed subunit (12). Said dose-level characteristics of the multiple unit system are determined based the thus-obtained precise characteristics for each individually analysed subunit (12). The invention also relates to an industrial process in which this method is used, and to the use of the claimed method in a process for designing a multiple unit system formulation product.

Abstract: A method for sealing elongated hollow cavities (2), such as circular-cylindrical pipes, tubes, drill holes or the like, in which a body (1) is placed in the cavity in sealing contact with the inner surface (4) of the cavity. The method has at least one essentially annular, elastic sealing element (3) sealingly mounted in a radially and circumferentially extending gap present in the body (1) and which is caused to be urged radially outwards into sealing abutment with the inner surface (4) of the cavity (2), by means of pressure (p) applied internally of the body. There is also a device for carrying out the mehtod.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for taking samples of ground water in soil and rock, comprising an at least partially evacuated sampling container of which the end facing downward in operative position is sealed air-tight by a first member of flexible material. The object of the invention is to improve the existing art for taking ground water samples in soil and rock. The device according to the invention renders it possible to take samples, which are hermetically sealed until they are analyzed in the laboratory. The device according to the invention is characterized, in that a second member of flexible material closes the upper end of the ground water sampler, and a two-sided cannula is movable in its longitudinal direction relative to the two members.

Abstract: A device for measuring pore water pressure in soils employs a pore pressure sound (2) as a sensing member and a closed measuring system (5,6) for creating the least possible disturbance in soils having a low degree of permeability, such as clay. The closed liquid-filled measuring system comprises a hypodermic needle type (20) of connection between the pore pressure sound and a measuring device (3), said needle being operative to penetrate a member of resilient material to extend into a liquid-filled chamber in said pore pressure sound and transfer a reading of the pore water pressure to said measuring device.

Abstract: Method of determining the pore water pressure in a soil, which includes installing a water-filled tube bearing a pore pressure sound at its lower end and said pore pressure sound bearing a filter through which the pore pressure in the soil is conveyed; lowering a measuring device down the tube and connecting it to the pore pressure sound; taking a reading which represents the pore pressure in the soil; disconnecting said measuring device from the pore water sound and then taking a reading which represents the water pressure in the tube; and calculating the pore pressure by comparison of the readings for the pore water pressure and the water pressure in the tube. A device for determining the pore water pressure is also provided.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus are disclosed for determining the nature of soil layers by driving a sound carrying a pressure transducer continuously through the soil, measuring the transient pressure generated as the probe moves continuously and then correlating the transient pressure to soil type and condition.