Abstract: Method and system for determining the angle of anteversion of for example bone fragments of a fractured bone are disclosed. Supported by artificial intelligence, a first object is classified in a first X-ray projection image. A second object is classified in a second X-ray projection image. A spatial arrangement of the objects relative to each other can be determined based on a respective determination of a representation and a localization of both objects.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining an implantation curve or path, along which an implant such as a nail or a screw may be inserted and implanted into a bone, and/or to determine an entry point, which is the point at which the surgeon opens the bone for inserting the implant. According to the invention, a 2D X-ray image is received, which X-ray image shows a surgical region of interest. In that X-ray image, a first point associated with a structure of interest as well as an implantation path within the bone for an implant intended to be implanted may be determined. An entry point for an insertion of the implant into the bone is located on the implantation path. It is noted that the first point may not be the entry point.

Abstract: The outline of a bone or at least a portion thereof may be determined based on deep neural net and optionally on an active shape model approach. An algorithm may detect a fracture of the bone. An algorithm may also classify the bone fracture and provide guidance on how to treat the fracture.

Abstract: Systems and methods of processing X-ray images are provided. For example, a first X-ray image showing a first part of an object, wherein the first X-ray image is generated with a first imaging direction and with a first position of an X-ray source relative to the object, and a second image showing a second part of the object are received, wherein the second X-ray image is generated with a second imaging direction and with a second position of the X-ray source relative to the object. Further, a model of the object is received. Based on the model and taking into account at least one condition, the X-ray images are registered, wherein the condition may be one point with a fixed 3D position relative to the object, a part of a further object with a fixed 3D position relative to the object, and/or another part of the object being detectable in the X-ray images.

Abstract: A system with a processing unit for processing X-ray images may be utilized for assisting in humerus surgery based on X-ray images. Firstly, at least two X-ray images are received having been generated with different imaging directions and showing a proximal portion of a humerus. Then, (i) the X-ray images are registered, (ii) an approximation of at least a part of the 2D outline of the humerus head in both images is determined, (iii) a 3D approximation of the humerus head based on the approximated 2D outlines and the registered images is determined, and (iv) 2D image coordinates of a total of at least three different points in the X-ray images are determined. Finally, an approximation of an anatomical neck is determined as a curve on the 3D approximation of the humerus head based on the at least three determined points.

Abstract: A method of treating a bone fracture includes taking a first 2D image of an implant and a reference body with an imaging device; creating a 3D orientation of the reference body and the implant based on the 2D image; determining an actual axis of delivery of a bone screw through an opening extending through the implant; determining an optimal axis of delivery of the bone screw through the opening such that the optimal axis of delivery guides the bone screw toward a medically optimal location; and moving the implant such that the optimal axis of delivery and the actual axis of delivery coincide.

Abstract: A computer assisted surgical system that includes an apparatus for imaging a region of interest of a portion of an anatomy of a subject; a memory containing executable instructions; and a processor programmed using the instructions to receive two or more two-dimensional images of the region of interest taken at different angles from the apparatus and process the two or more two-dimensional images to produce three dimensional information associated with the region of interest.

Abstract: A method comprises providing a current state image and at least one reference image, taken from a similar angle range. The image and the at least one reference image are superimposed and a visual representation visualizing the relation between the image and the reference image is provided in order to track displacements of the bone during subsequent operation steps. A system is provided which can use the image data to track displacements and determine deviation from a current state of the elements in question to a target state.

Abstract: A computer program element and a device are provided for processing a 2D projection image generated during a procedure of fracture treatment of a bone. The computer program element comprises sets of instructions for detecting the reference body in the 2D projection image, detecting at least one element out of the group consisting of an instrument, an implant and an anatomical structure in the 2D projection image, and identifying a current state of the element, determining a state of progress of the procedure of fracture treatment, and providing information regarding steps to be performed next.

Abstract: A computer assisted surgical system that includes an apparatus for imaging a region of interest of a portion of an anatomy of a subject; a memory containing executable instructions; and a processor programmed using the instructions to receive two or more two-dimensional images of the region of interest taken at different angles from the apparatus and process the two or more two-dimensional images to produce three dimensional information associated with the region of interest.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for processing X-ray images, wherein the methods are implemented as a software program product executable on a processing unit of the systems. Generally, an X-ray image is received by the system, the X-ray image being a projection image of a first object and a second object. The first and second objects are classified and a respective 3D model of the objects is received. At the first object, a geometrical aspect like an axis or a line is determined, and at the second object, another geometrical aspect like a point is determined. Finally, a spatial relation between the first object and the second object is determined based on a 3D model of the first object, a 3D model of the second object, and the information that the point of the second object is located on the geometrical aspect of the first object.

Abstract: A method and a corresponding system are provided. The method comprises steps of providing 2D images and subsequently detecting outlines of a primary structure in each of the images. A visual representation of the 2D images is generated and the 2D images are then arranged as 2D slices in a 3D visual representation. To this end, at least two of the 2D images are taken at different imaging angles. The method provides a 3D visual representation of a region of interest comprising a primary structure to support a spatial sense of a user.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described which allow a classification of first and second objects in an X-ray projection image. A respective representation and localization of both objects are determined by applying the models to match the objects in the X-ray image and a spatial relation of the classified objects is obtained. Such methods and systems take advantage of artificial intelligence.

Abstract: A device, a system and a method for determining an anteversion angle of a femoral shaft of a femur are provided. The device includes a provision unit and a processing unit. The provision unit is configured to provide image data of the femur, and wherein the processing unit is configured to determine a longitudinal shaft axis extending through the femoral shaft based on the image data. The processing unit is further configured to determine at least two landmarks of the femur based on the image data, and place a tangent trough each landmark parallel to the shaft axis. The processing unit is configured to determine the anteversion angle of the femoral shaft based on the tangents and the shaft axis of the femoral shaft.

Abstract: The outline of a bone or at least a portion thereof may be determined based on deep neural net and optionally on an active shape model approach. An algorithm may detect a fracture of the bone. An algorithm may also classify the bone fracture and provide guidance on how to treat the fracture.

Abstract: Supported by artificial intelligence, an object is classified in an X-ray projection image. A 3D representation as well as a localization of the classified object can be determined by matching a model of the classified object to a visualization of the classified object in the X-ray image.

Abstract: Method and system for determining the angle of anteversion of for example bone fragments of a fractured bone are disclosed. Supported by artificial intelligence, a first object is classified in a first X-ray projection image. A a second object is classified in a second X-ray projection image. A spatial arrangement of the objects relative to each other can be determined based on a respective determination of a representation and a localization of both objects.

Abstract: Based on deep neural net and possibly on an active shape model approach, the complete outline of an anatomy may be determined and classified. Based on certain features, an algorithm may assess whether the viewing angle of the C-arm is sufficient or not. In a further step, an algorithm may estimate how far away from the desired viewing angle the current viewing angle is and may provide guidance on how to adjust the c-arm position to reach the desired viewing angle.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for processing X-ray images, wherein the methods are implemented as a software program product executable on a processing unit of the systems. Generally, an X-ray image is received by the system, the X-ray image being a projection image of a first object and a second object. The first and second objects are classified, and a respective 3D model of the objects is received. At the first object, a geometrical aspect like an axis or a line is determined, and at the second object, another geometrical aspect like a point is determined. Finally, a spatial relation between the first object and the second object is determined based on a 3D model of the first object, a 3D model of the second object, and the information that the point of the second object is located on the geometrical aspect of the first object.

Abstract: A method comprises providing a current state image and at least one reference image, taken from a similar angle range. The image and the at least one reference image are superimposed and a visual representation visualizing the relation between the image and the reference image is provided in order to track displacements of the bone during subsequent operation steps. A system is provided which can use the image data to track displacements and determine deviation from a current state of the elements in question to a target state.